The nurse is caring for a client with left-sided heart failure. Which of the following symptoms correlate to this diagnosis? (Select all that apply)

Tachypnea

Cough

Jugular vein distention

Ascites

Confusion

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Choice A reason: Tachypnea occurs in left-sided heart failure as pulmonary edema from backpressure increases respiratory effort to oxygenate blood through fluid-filled alveoli.

Choice B reason: Cough in left-sided failure results from pulmonary congestion irritating airways, often producing frothy sputum as fluid leaks from capillaries into lungs.

Choice C reason: Jugular vein distention indicates right-sided heart failure, where systemic venous pressure rises, not left-sided, which affects lungs, not neck veins.

Choice D reason: Ascites, abdominal fluid buildup, stems from right-sided failure’s hepatic congestion, not left-sided failure’s pulmonary focus, making it unrelated here.

Choice E reason: Confusion may occur late in severe heart failure from hypoxia, but it’s not specific to left-sided failure’s early pulmonary symptoms like tachypnea.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Mucolytics (e.g., acetylcysteine) break disulfide bonds in mucus, thinning it to ease expectoration, directly aiding secretion clearance in respiratory conditions.

Choice B reason: Glucocorticoids reduce inflammation in airways, not liquefying mucus; they address swelling, not viscosity, so they don’t facilitate expulsion directly.

Choice C reason: Calcium channel blockers relax vascular smooth muscle for hypertension, not affecting mucus consistency or respiratory secretions, irrelevant to this goal.

Choice D reason: Bronchodilators open airways, improving airflow, but don’t alter mucus viscosity, aiding breathing, not secretion liquefaction or removal specifically.

A. It is important that I take my levothyroxine daily to help manage my hyperthyroidism B. I should avoid foods like kale, cabbage, Brussel sprouts, and cauliflower C. Methimazole will decrease my T3 and T4 levels D. Iodine will prevent the thyroid hormone from being released into the bloodstream

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Levothyroxine treats hypothyroidism by adding T4, worsening hyperthyroidism’s excess hormone; antithyroid drugs are needed, so this statement is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Avoiding goitrogens (kale, cabbage) prevents thyroid suppression, appropriate in hyperthyroidism where reducing hormone production is the goal, so this is correct.

Choice C reason: Methimazole inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis, lowering T3 and T4 in hyperthyroidism, a standard treatment, making this statement accurate.

Choice D reason: Iodine blocks thyroid hormone release, reducing circulating T3/T4 in hyperthyroidism, a correct approach, especially in acute settings, so this is valid.

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The nurse is caring for a client with left-sided heart failure. Which of the following symptoms correlate to this diagnosis? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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