Which electrolyte will be high in a client with hypoparathyroidism?
Phosphorus
Calcium
Magnesium
Potassium
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Hypoparathyroidism lowers PTH, reducing phosphorus excretion, raising serum levels as kidneys reabsorb more, while calcium drops, a classic imbalance.
Choice B reason: Calcium decreases in hypoparathyroidism due to low PTH, impairing bone resorption and gut absorption, opposite to being high, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Magnesium isn’t directly regulated by PTH; hypoparathyroidism doesn’t consistently elevate it, staying normal unless other factors intervene.
Choice D reason: Potassium is unaffected by hypoparathyroidism, controlled by aldosterone and kidneys, not PTH, so it doesn’t rise with this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Untreated hypothyroidism progresses to myxedema, a severe state with slowed metabolism causing fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, and hair loss from low thyroid hormone.
Choice B reason: Hypocalcemia results from hypoparathyroidism, not hypothyroidism, which affects metabolism, not calcium regulation directly, so it’s unrelated to these symptoms.
Choice C reason: Pericarditis may occur in severe hypothyroidism late, but it’s not the primary complication; myxedema encompasses the broader metabolic decline seen here.
Choice D reason: Thyroid crisis (storm) is a hyperthyroid emergency with fever and tachycardia, opposite to hypothyroidism’s slow symptoms like coldness and fatigue.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Salmeterol, a long-acting bronchodilator, opens airways in asthma or COPD but doesn’t dilate coronary arteries or improve cardiac ischemia, targeting lungs instead.
Choice B reason: Aspirin prevents clotting by inhibiting platelet aggregation, reducing ischemia risk, but it doesn’t directly dilate coronary arteries or acutely redirect blood flow.
Choice C reason: Digoxin increases cardiac contractility in heart failure, improving output, but it doesn’t dilate coronary vessels or specifically oxygenate ischemic myocardium.
Choice D reason: Nitroglycerin, a vasodilator, relaxes coronary arteries, increasing blood flow to ischemic areas, relieving angina by enhancing oxygen delivery to the heart muscle.
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