The healthcare provider has ordered captopril for the client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Which discharge instruction should the nurse include?
Teach the client how to prevent orthostatic hypotension
Explain the importance of taking the medication with food to increase absorption
Instruct the client to take a cough suppressant if a cough develops
Encourage the client to eat foods high in potassium
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, lowers blood pressure, risking orthostatic hypotension; teaching posture changes (slow standing) prevents falls, a key safety instruction.
Choice B reason: Captopril is taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption, as food reduces bioavailability, so this statement contradicts proper administration guidelines.
Choice C reason: Cough, an ACE inhibitor side effect, doesn’t warrant suppressants; it may require switching drugs, not masking, making this instruction inappropriate.
Choice D reason: Captopril can raise potassium by reducing aldosterone; high-potassium foods risk hyperkalemia, so this advice is unsafe without monitoring levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Barrel chest develops in emphysema from chronic air trapping, overexpanding lungs and flattening the diaphragm, altering thoracic shape over years.
Choice B reason: Edema relates to right heart failure from cor pulmonale, a late emphysema complication, not a direct or universal finding after five years.
Choice C reason: Productive cough is typical in chronic bronchitis, not emphysema, which features alveolar destruction and minimal mucus, leading to dry cough instead.
Choice D reason: Dyspnea in emphysema results from alveolar loss reducing oxygen exchange, forcing compensatory rapid breathing, a core symptom even after five years.
Choice E reason: Clubbed fingers occur in chronic hypoxia from emphysema, as poor oxygenation over years triggers nail bed angiogenesis, a common late finding.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Crackles indicate pulmonary edema from left-sided heart failure, where fluid backs up into lungs, not right-sided failure, which affects systemic circulation instead.
Choice B reason: Orthopnea, dyspnea when lying flat, results from left-sided failure’s pulmonary congestion, not right-sided failure, which causes systemic venous pooling, not lung issues.
Choice C reason: Jugular venous distention occurs in right-sided heart failure as the right ventricle fails, backing blood into veins, elevating neck vein pressure visibly.
Choice D reason: Blood-tinged sputum suggests pulmonary edema or infarction, tied to left-sided failure or embolism, not right-sided failure’s systemic congestion pattern.
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