A nurse notes in the client's health history a diagnosis of hepatitis B. Which of the following activities would most likely put the client at risk for this illness?
Worked for a month in an undeveloped area in Mexico four months ago
Attended an ecological conference in a large metropolitan area a month ago
Assisted in the emergency birth of a baby two weeks ago
Had a small tattoo on the arm three months ago
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Working in undeveloped areas increases general infection risk, but hepatitis B specifically requires blood or fluid exposure, less likely without direct contact.
Choice B reason: Attending a conference poses low hepatitis B risk, as it’s not spread by casual contact, requiring blood or sexual transmission, not typical here.
Choice C reason: Assisting in birth involves fluid exposure, but two weeks is too short for hepatitis B symptoms; incubation is 45-180 days, so unlikely.
Choice D reason: Tattooing with unsterile needles risks hepatitis B via bloodborne transmission, matching the 90-day incubation period, the most likely risk here.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, treats allergies or sleep issues by blocking histamine, not addressing heart failure’s fluid overload or cardiac dysfunction.
Choice B reason: Epinephrine boosts heart rate and pressure in emergencies like anaphylaxis, but it worsens heart failure by increasing cardiac workload, not reducing fluid.
Choice C reason: Propylthiouracil treats hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid hormone, unrelated to heart failure’s need for fluid management or cardiac support.
Choice D reason: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, reduces fluid overload in heart failure by increasing urine output, relieving pulmonary edema and systemic congestion effectively.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism due to low thyroid hormone, reducing calorie burning and causing weight gain from fat accumulation and fluid retention in tissues.
Choice B reason: Diaphoresis (sweating) occurs in hyperthyroidism from excess metabolism raising body heat. Hypothyroidism causes dry skin and cold intolerance, not sweating.
Choice C reason: Exophthalmos, bulging eyes, results from Graves’ disease in hyperthyroidism due to orbital inflammation. Hypothyroidism doesn’t affect eye protrusion, making this unlikely.
Choice D reason: Palpitations stem from hyperthyroidism’s increased heart rate via excess thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism slows heart rate, leading to bradycardia, not palpitations.
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