The nurse is caring for a client with COPD who develops severe shortness of breath upon walking to the bathroom and oxygen saturation of 85% on room air. Which of the following medications would be a priority to treat these symptoms?

Albuterol

Mucolytic

Montelukast

Prednisone

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Albuterol, a bronchodilator, rapidly opens airways in COPD, relieving acute shortness of breath and improving oxygenation from 85% by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle.

Choice B reason: Mucolytics thin mucus over time, not addressing acute dyspnea or low saturation (85%) quickly, lacking the immediacy needed in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Montelukast prevents asthma inflammation long-term via leukotriene blockade, not providing rapid relief for COPD’s acute bronchospasm or hypoxia here.

Choice D reason: Prednisone reduces COPD inflammation systemically, but its slow onset doesn’t acutely reverse shortness of breath or oxygen drop like a bronchodilator.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism due to low thyroid hormone, reducing calorie burning and causing weight gain from fat accumulation and fluid retention in tissues.

Choice B reason: Diaphoresis (sweating) occurs in hyperthyroidism from excess metabolism raising body heat. Hypothyroidism causes dry skin and cold intolerance, not sweating.

Choice C reason: Exophthalmos, bulging eyes, results from Graves’ disease in hyperthyroidism due to orbital inflammation. Hypothyroidism doesn’t affect eye protrusion, making this unlikely.

Choice D reason: Palpitations stem from hyperthyroidism’s increased heart rate via excess thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism slows heart rate, leading to bradycardia, not palpitations.

A. 1 tablet B. 2 tablets C. 3 tablets D. 4 tablets

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: 1 tablet (50 mcg) provides half the 100 mcg dose, insufficient for hypothyroidism treatment, underdosing the required thyroid hormone replacement level.

Choice B reason: 2 tablets (50 mcg each) equal 100 mcg, matching the prescribed dose, ensuring adequate T4 replacement for hypothyroidism’s metabolic needs daily.

Choice C reason: 3 tablets (150 mcg) exceed the 100 mcg dose, risking hyperthyroidism symptoms like tachycardia or nervousness from excessive thyroid hormone administration.

Choice D reason: 4 tablets (200 mcg) grossly overdose the 100 mcg requirement, potentially causing severe thyrotoxicosis, disrupting metabolism and cardiac function dangerously.

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The nurse is caring for a client with COPD who develops severe shortness of breath upon walking to the bathroom and oxygen saturation of 85% on room air. Which of the following medications would be a priority to treat these symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 100 mcg PO daily. Available is levothyroxine 50 mcg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer daily? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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