The nurse is caring for a client with chronic pancreatitis who reports persistent gnawing abdominal pain. To help the client manage the pain, which assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain?

Activity level of bowel sounds

Eating patterns of dietary intake

Level and amount of physical activity.

Color and consistency of feces.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Activity level of bowel sounds:
Bowel sounds are important to assess, but they may not directly influence or be influenced by the abdominal pain associated with chronic pancreatitis.

B. Eating patterns and dietary intake.
Clients with chronic pancreatitis often experience abdominal pain exacerbated by the intake of food, especially fatty meals. Monitoring the client's eating patterns and dietary intake is crucial for identifying triggers that may worsen the abdominal pain. By understanding the relationship between food intake and pain, the nurse can provide guidance on dietary modifications to help manage the symptoms.

C. Level and amount of physical activity:
While physical activity is important for overall health, it may not be the primary factor contributing to or alleviating the abdominal pain in a client with chronic pancreatitis.

D. Color and consistency of feces:
Monitoring the color and consistency of feces is important for assessing pancreatic function, but it may not be the most immediate factor to address in the context of managing abdominal pain. Dietary patterns are more directly related to pain management in this case.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Return appointments will be needed for IV medication:
This statement does not address the specific concern related to pain management in Raynaud's disease, and routine IV medication may not be the primary approach for pain relief in this condition.

B. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against painful spasms:
This is the correct answer. Raynaud's disease is characterized by vasospasm of small arteries, often triggered by exposure to cold or stress. Wearing gloves helps to minimize exposure to cold and can prevent painful spasms associated with Raynaud's.

C. Enrolling in a pain clinic can provide pain relief alternatives:
While pain clinics can offer various pain management strategies, the specific recommendation for Raynaud's disease involves minimizing exposure to cold and stress rather than enrolling in a pain clinic.

D. Painful areas should be rubbed gently until the pain subsides:
Rubbing painful areas may not be recommended, as it can potentially aggravate vasospasm in individuals with Raynaud's disease. The emphasis is on preventing triggers like cold exposure.

A. Hyperaldosteronism causing an increased sodium reabsorption in renal tubules. B. Decreased renin-angiotensin response related to an increase in renal blood flow. C. Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral circulation. D. Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal oncotic pressure

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperaldosteronism causing an increased sodium reabsorption in renal tubules.
Hyperaldosteronism is characterized by an excess of aldosterone, a hormone that regulates sodium and water balance. In cirrhosis, however, sodium retention is often related to other mechanisms such as portal hypertension and hypoalbuminemia, rather than hyperaldosteronism.

B. Decreased renin-angiotensin response related to an increase in renal blood flow.
Cirrhosis is more commonly associated with an activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to increased sodium and water retention. The increased renin-angiotensin response is a compensatory mechanism to maintain perfusion in the setting of cirrhosis and does not contribute to decreased renal blood flow.

C. Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral circulation.
This statement is not accurate. In cirrhosis, there is typically increased portacaval pressure due to portal hypertension, which can lead to the development of collateral circulation. However, this does not explain the edema and ascites seen in cirrhosis.

D. Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal oncotic pressure.
This is the correct choice. In cirrhosis, liver damage leads to decreased synthesis of albumin. Albumin plays a crucial role in maintaining colloidal oncotic pressure, and when it is decreased (hypoalbuminemia), fluid is more likely to leak out of blood vessels, resulting in edema. The same mechanism contributes to the development of ascites in the abdominal cavity.

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The nurse is caring for a client with chronic pancreatitis who reports persistent gnawing abdominal pain. To help the client manage the pain, which assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who was recently diagnosed with Raynaud's disease is concerned about pain management. Which nursing instruction should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse assesses a client with cirrhosis and finds 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs, and massive ascites. Which mechanism contributes to edema and ascites in clients with cirrhosis?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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