The nurse is caring for a 15-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with mononucleosis. The patient asks how the infection was obtained. Which information should the nurse include when responding to the patient?

Inhaling airborne germs, such as after someone coughs.

Eating meat that is undercooked

Eating contaminated food

Drinking from the cup of a person with the infection

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Mononucleosis, often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is not primarily spread through airborne droplets like some respiratory infections. While some respiratory secretions may be involved, it is not the main transmission route.
B.   Mononucleosis is not transmitted through undercooked meat. This mode of transmission is more relevant for certain foodborne illnesses but not for viral infections like EBV.
C.   Mononucleosis is not transmitted through contaminated food. This route is typical for various foodborne pathogens but does not apply to EBV.
D.   Mononucleosis is often referred to as the "kissing disease" because it can be transmitted through saliva. Sharing drinks, utensils, or engaging in close personal contact with someone who has the infection can spread the virus.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. DKA is characterized by the production of ketones, which can lead to a fruity or acetone-like odor on the breath. Additionally, the increased respiratory rate (Kussmaul breathing) occurs as the body attempts to compensate for metabolic acidosis by blowing off carbon dioxide.
B. While clients with diabetes may experience hunger, it is not a primary symptom of DKA. Hypotension (rather than hypertension) is more commonly observed due to dehydration and fluid loss associated with DKA.

C. Cold, clammy skin suggests the body is in a sympathetic state due to low blood sugar. While irritability can occur in various situations, it is not a hallmark sign of DKA.
D. Sweating and tremors are symptoms of low blood sugar levels and are not characteristic of DKA. In DKA, patients typically present with dry skin due to dehydration.

A. "The pressure in the anterior cavity of your eye became elevated, shifting the position of your lens. B. "There's an irregular curvature of your cornea, causing your blurred vision' C. The portion of your eye call the macula, which is responsible for the central vision, is damaged" D. "Your lens became cloudy, causing blurred vision. This cloudiness will increase over time

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This statement describes glaucoma, not macular degeneration. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss. It does not specifically pertain to damage of the macula or central vision.
B. This statement refers to conditions like astigmatism, where the cornea has an irregular shape, leading to blurred vision. It is not relevant to macular degeneration, which involves damage to the retina rather than the curvature of the cornea.
C. This statement accurately describes macular degeneration. The macula is the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision, which is crucial for tasks like reading and recognizing faces. In macular degeneration, this area deteriorates, leading to loss of central vision.
D. This statement describes cataracts, where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. Cataracts and macular degeneration are distinct conditions, with different causes and impacts on vision.

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The nurse is caring for a 15-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with mononucleosis. The patient asks how the infection was obtained. Which information should the nurse include when responding to the patient?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the emergency department for DKA. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect to note?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient diagnosed with macular degeneration asks the nurse to explain his condition. Which statement by the nurse best describes macular degeneration?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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