The nurse is assessing a 55-yr-old female patient with type 2 diabetes who has a body mass index (BMI) of 31 kg/m2.Which goal in the plan of care is most important for this patient?
The patient will choose a diet that distributes calories throughout the day.
The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%.
The patient will follow a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss.
The patient will state the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet.
The Correct Answer is B
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a measure of the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. An HbA1c level of less than 7% is associated with a reduced risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes. This is a critical goal because uncontrolled blood glucose levels can lead to complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease.
While options a, c, and d are also important in the management of diabetes, they are not as critical as achieving glycemic control. Choosing a diet that distributes calories throughout the day can help regulate blood glucose levels and prevent hypoglycemia. Following a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss can also help improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of complications. Understanding the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet is important for overall diabetes education, but it is not the most important goal in the plan of care for this patient at this time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Intravenous drug use is a significant risk factor for hepatitis C transmission. The other options are not necessarily related to hepatitis C transmission. However, having a blood transfusion before 1992 or receiving an organ transplant before 1992, having a history of receiving blood products or clotting factor concentrates before 1987, and having been born to a mother with hepatitis C are also considered significant risk factors for hepatitis C transmission.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The patient's vital signs suggest that she is experiencing hypotension, tachycardia, and possibly dehydration due to acute adrenal insufficiency. The highest priority nursing intervention for this patient is to provide isotonic fluids to restore intravascular volume and blood pressure. This will also help to correct any electrolyte imbalances that may be present. Administering furosemide (Lasix) or replacing potassium losses may be necessary interventions, but they are not the highest priority at this time. Restricting sodium would be contraindicated in this situation as the patient is hypotensive and needs fluids to increase intravascular volume.
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