The nurse is assessing a 55-yr-old female patient with type 2 diabetes who has a body mass index (BMI) of 31 kg/m2.Which goal in the plan of care is most important for this patient?
The patient will choose a diet that distributes calories throughout the day.
The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%.
The patient will follow a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss.
The patient will state the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet.
The Correct Answer is B
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a measure of the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. An HbA1c level of less than 7% is associated with a reduced risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes. This is a critical goal because uncontrolled blood glucose levels can lead to complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease.
While options a, c, and d are also important in the management of diabetes, they are not as critical as achieving glycemic control. Choosing a diet that distributes calories throughout the day can help regulate blood glucose levels and prevent hypoglycemia. Following a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss can also help improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of complications. Understanding the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet is important for overall diabetes education, but it is not the most important goal in the plan of care for this patient at this time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
The correct answers are a, c, and d. The client will need to take thyroid hormone replacement (levothyroxine) for the rest of her life since she had a total thyroidectomy. The dosage will need to be carefully monitored to ensure that it is correct, and laboratory tests will need to be done frequently to monitor thyroid hormone levels. Taking too much of the drug can cause hyperthyroidism symptoms, so it is important not to take more than prescribed. It is also important to check with a healthcare provider before taking any other medications or herbs, as they can interact with levothyroxine.
Answer b is incorrect because the client will need to take the drug for the rest of her life.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. The initial management of DKA involves fluid resuscitation with intravenous normal saline to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, starting an infusion of normal saline at 125 ml/hr is the first prescribed action the nurse should implement.
Bringing the patient a meal is not a priority at this time because the patient's blood glucose levels need to be stabilized before they can safely consume food. Administering Lantus insulin IV and giving sodium bicarbonate 50 mEq IV push are also not the first-line treatments for DKA. Lantus insulin is a long-acting insulin used to treat hyperglycemia over an extended period and should not be given intravenously. Sodium bicarbonate may be used to correct acidosis, but it is not the first priority in DKA management.
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