The nurse is admitting a patient who was diagnosed with acute renal failure. Which electrolyte should the nurse expect to be most affected with this disorder?
Phosphorous.
Magnesium.
Potassium.
Calcium.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
While acute renal failure can affect phosphorus levels, potassium is the electrolyte most commonly affected in this condition. Kidneys play a crucial role in regulating potassium levels in the body, and when they fail, potassium levels can become dangerously elevated.
Choice B rationale:
Acute renal failure can lead to alterations in magnesium levels, but potassium is typically more affected. Magnesium imbalances may occur but are not the primary concern in this condition.
Choice C rationale:
As mentioned earlier, potassium imbalances are common in acute renal failure. The nurse should closely monitor the patient's potassium levels and be prepared to intervene if they become too high or too low.
Choice D rationale:
Calcium levels may also be affected in acute renal failure, but potassium remains the most critical electrolyte to monitor in this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Urine specific gravity 1.020.
Choice A rationale:
Urine specific gravity is a measure of urine concentration, indicating the ability of the kidneys to concentrate or dilute urine. A specific gravity of 1.020 falls within the normal range (typically 1.010 to 1.030). An appropriate specific gravity indicates that the client's kidneys are responding well to the IV fluids, maintaining adequate urine output and concentration.
Choice B rationale:
Potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is above the normal range of 3.5 to 5 mEq/L. However, this value does not specifically indicate whether the client is responding effectively to the IV fluids for dehydration.
Choice C rationale:
Hct (Hematocrit) of 6296 is not a valid measurement; it appears to be a typographical error or an incomplete value. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the client's response to treatment.
Choice D rationale:
Sodium level of 165 mEq/L is elevated beyond the normal range of 136 to 145 mEq/L. However, this value does not provide information about the client's response to IV fluids for dehydration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hypokalemia is not a direct adverse effect of dextrose 10% in water infusion. This solution does not contain potassium, and unless the patient already has low potassium levels or other contributing factors, it would not cause hypokalemia.
Choice B rationale:
Hypercalcemia is unrelated to dextrose 10% in water infusion. The solution does not contain calcium, and it would not lead to an increase in serum calcium levels.
Choice C rationale:
Hypovolemia, or low blood volume, is not typically associated with dextrose 10% in water infusion. However, if administered rapidly in large amounts, it could potentially cause fluid overload leading to hypervolemia.
Choice D rationale:
Hyperglycemia is a possible adverse effect of dextrose 10% in water infusion. The solution contains a high concentration of glucose, which can raise blood sugar levels if the body cannot adequately utilize or regulate the glucose. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential during such an infusion, especially in patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance.
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