The nurse instructor is teaching student nurses about the factors that may affect a patient's blood pressure. Which statements accurately describe these factors? Select all that apply.

Choice A reason:

Bottled water is often recommended for patients on neutropenic precautions because it is generally free from microorganisms that could cause infections. Neutropenic patients have a reduced ability to fight infections due to low white blood cell counts, making them more vulnerable to contaminants that may be present in untreated or poorly treated water. By choosing bottled water, the patient minimizes the risk of ingesting harmful pathogens that could lead to serious infections. This is a crucial aspect of maintaining the health and safety of neutropenic patients. Additionally, bottled water provides a convenient and reliable way to ensure adequate hydration, which is essential for overall well-being and the body's natural defense mechanisms.

Choice B reason:

The salad bar is not a healthy choice for neutropenic patients due to the potential risk of contamination. Fresh produce, especially when not thoroughly washed, can harbor bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens that neutropenic patients may not be able to adequately defend against. Even if the salad bar appears clean and well-maintained, there is always a risk of cross-contamination from other diners or food handlers. Therefore, it is safer for neutropenic patients to avoid raw fruits and vegetables, particularly those from communal settings like salad bars, to minimize the risk of infection.

Choice C reason:

Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for neutropenic patients because they are not fully cooked. Undercooked or raw eggs can be a source of harmful bacteria, such as Salmonella, which can cause severe infections in individuals with compromised immune systems. For neutropenic patients, it is important to consume only thoroughly cooked foods to eliminate any potential pathogens. Fully cooked eggs, where both the yolk and white are firm, would be a safer protein source for these patients, ensuring that any harmful bacteria are destroyed during the cooking process.

Choice D reason:

Eating at a buffet is not advisable for neutropenic patients due to the high risk of contamination. Buffets often involve multiple people handling serving utensils and food items, increasing the likelihood of cross-contamination. The communal nature of buffets makes it difficult to maintain strict hygiene standards, which is critical for neutropenic patients. The potential for exposure to pathogens from other diners or improperly maintained food temperatures can pose a significant risk. Therefore, it is safer for neutropenic patients to avoid buffets and opt for individually prepared and served meals to reduce the risk of infection.

A reason:

Ignoring the urge to defecate is a common cause of constipation. Suppressing the natural urge can lead to harder stools and decreased bowel movement regularity.

B reason:

Inadequate fluid intake contributes to constipation by leading to harder stools that are more difficult to pass. Sufficient hydration is essential for maintaining regular bowel movements.

C reason:

Decreased fiber in the diet is a significant cause of constipation. Fiber helps to bulk up the stool and promote regular bowel movements. A diet low in fiber can result in harder and less frequent stools.

D reason:

Increased activity typically promotes regular bowel movements and is not a cause of constipation. Physical activity stimulates intestinal motility, helping to prevent constipation.

E reason:

Excessive laxative use can lead to dependence and decreased bowel motility over time, causing constipation. Overuse of laxatives can disrupt the natural bowel rhythm and lead to chronic constipation.