A nurse in an outpatient clinic is assessing a middle adult client as part of a routine physical examination. The client's BP is 142/88 mm Hg, his body mass index (BMI) is 31, and he is a current smoker. The nurse should identify that this client has multiple risk factors for which of the following disorders?
Cardiovascular disease
Depression
Thyroid disease
Testicular cancer
The Correct Answer is A
The nurse should identify that this client has multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, obesity, and smoking. These factors can increase the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.
Depression is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Depression may have other risk factors, such as genetics, stress, trauma, or substance abuse.
Thyroid disease is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Thyroid disease may have other risk factors, such as autoimmune disorders, iodine deficiency, or radiation exposure.
Testicular cancer is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Testicular cancer may have other risk factors, such as cryptorchidism, family
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Planning to slow down if tired the day after exercising is a statement that indicates the client understands the importance of pacing activities and avoiding overexertion, which can worsen heart failure symptoms.
a. "I should use naproxen to manage discomfort." is not correct, as naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause fluid retention, increase blood pressure, and worsen heart failure. The client should avoid NSAIDs and use other analgesics, such as acetaminophen, unless contraindicated.
c. "I will read food labels and limit my sodium to 4 grams per day." is not appropriate, as 4 grams of sodium per day is too high for a client who has congestive heart failure. The client should limit sodium intake to 2 grams or less per day, as sodium can cause fluid retention and increase the workload of the heart.
d. "I will take my diuretic before sleep and drink fluids during the day." is not advisable, as taking a diuretic before sleep can cause nocturia and disrupt the sleep cycle, which can affect the quality of life and cardiac function. The
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication that is used to prevent and treat seizures. It works by stabilizing the electrical activity of the brain and reducing the spread of abnormal impulses. Phenytoin is usually taken for life or until the seizures are controlled by other means, such as surgery or diet. The client should not stop taking phenytoin without consulting their doctor, as this can cause withdrawal symptoms or increase the risk of seizures.
The other options are correct and indicate that the client understands the discharge teaching because:
- "I have made an appointment to see my dentist next week." This statement is correct because phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of gum tissue that can lead to bleeding, infection, or difficulty chewing. The client should practice good oral hygiene and see their dentist regularly to prevent or treat this condition.
- "I will notify my doctor before taking any other medications." This statement is correct because phenytoin can interact with many other medications, such as antibiotics, anticoagulants, oral contraceptives, or antacids. These interactions can affect the blood levels and effectiveness of phenytoin or the other medications, causing adverse effects or reduced seizure control. The client should inform their doctor of any other medications they are taking or planning to take, including over-the-counter, herbal, or dietary supplements.
- "I know that I cannot switch brands of this medication." This statement is correct because different brands of phenytoin may have different formulations or bioavailability, which can affect the absorption and metabolism of the drug. Switching brands can cause changes in the blood levels and effectiveness of phenytoin, leading to toxicity or reduced seizure control. The client should always use the same brand of phenytoin and check with their pharmacist if they notice any changes in the appearance or labeling of their medication.
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