A nurse in an outpatient clinic is assessing a middle adult client as part of a routine physical examination. The client's BP is 142/88 mm Hg, his body mass index (BMI) is 31, and he is a current smoker. The nurse should identify that this client has multiple risk factors for which of the following disorders?

Cardiovascular disease

Depression

Thyroid disease

Testicular cancer

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The nurse should identify that this client has multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, obesity, and smoking. These factors can increase the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

Depression is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Depression may have other risk factors, such as genetics, stress, trauma, or substance abuse.

Thyroid disease is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Thyroid disease may have other risk factors, such as autoimmune disorders, iodine deficiency, or radiation exposure.

Testicular cancer is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Testicular cancer may have other risk factors, such as cryptorchidism, family

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A: Vertigo is a common finding in clients with essential hypertension due to changes in blood flow and possible impacts on the inner ear, which can affect balance.
B: Blurred vision, while it can be associated with hypertension, is not as directly related to essential hypertension as vertigo is. It is more commonly a sign of complications from prolonged uncontrolled hypertension.
C: Dyspnea or difficulty breathing is not typically a direct symptom of essential hypertension, though it can be a symptom of complications such as heart failure, which can be a result of long-standing, uncontrolled hypertension.
D: Uremia, which is an elevated level of waste products in the blood, is not a symptom of essential hypertension but rather a sign of kidney failure, which can be a secondary complication of chronic hypertension. Essential hypertension itself does not directly cause uremia.

A. "These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues." B. "These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves." C. "Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI." D. "Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should explain that cardiac enzyme studies measure the levels of certain enzymes, such as troponin, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase, that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged by an MI. These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues, as well as the timing and severity of the MI.

"These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves." is wrong because cardiac enzyme studies do not provide information about the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves. Other tests, such as echocardiography or cardiac catheterization, may be used for this purpose.

"Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI." is wrong because cardiac enzyme studies do not indicate the specific location of the MI within the heart. Other tests, such as electrocardiography or coronary angiography, may be used for this purpose.

"Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion." is wrong because cardiac enzyme studies do not directly assess the presence of pulmonary congestion, which is a complication of heart failure. Other signs and symptoms, such as dyspnea, crackles, and chest x-ray findings, may be used for this purpose.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) about the reason blood was drawn from the client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzyme studies?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a middle-age client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition (TPN) 1800 mL to infuse over 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following an appendectomy and is prescribed 1 L lactated Ringer's at 150 mL/hr by continuous IV infusion for 12 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 20 gt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gt/min?

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A nurse is caring for a client who has myasthenia gravis. The nurse should recognize that this disease is caused by which of the following types of hypersensitivities?