The nurse identifies that which infant is at the highest risk of infection?
38-week infant born via cesarean section for breech presentation.
36-week infant, small for gestational age.
41-week infant born to a GDM mother.
38-week infant born with caput succedaneum.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
A cesarean delivery may increase infection risk due to surgical exposure, but a full-term infant born at 38 weeks has more mature immune defenses compared to preterm or growth-restricted infants.
Choice B rationale
A 36-week infant, small for gestational age, has underdeveloped immune function and possible intrauterine growth restriction, which increases susceptibility to infections. Immaturity in skin and mucosal barriers heightens the risk.
Choice C rationale
Infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes may experience metabolic complications, but infection risk is lower in full-term infants due to relatively mature immune function and adequate birth weight.
Choice D rationale
Caput succedaneum may present a localized risk of infection, but a 38-week infant has a more mature immune system compared to premature or growth-restricted infants, thus reducing overall susceptibility to infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Tone refers to uterine atony, the leading cause of postpartum hemorrhage. Tissue refers to retained placental fragments. Trauma includes lacerations or uterine rupture. Thrombin relates to coagulation disorders impacting clotting.
Choice B rationale
TOLAC (Trial of Labor After Cesarean) and thrombosis are unrelated to immediate hemorrhage management. Thrombosis generally involves venous clots, differing from thrombin, which concerns clotting factor deficiencies causing bleeding.
Choice C rationale
Tear and tolerance are non-specific terms lacking relevance to postpartum hemorrhage management. Time to search is impractical and unrelated to immediate intervention for hemorrhage or its causes.
Choice D rationale
"None of the above" is incorrect as the Four Ts (Tone, Tissue, Trauma, Thrombin) specifically address the primary causes of postpartum hemorrhage and are universally accepted in clinical guidelines.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Providing family support is crucial as preterm birth can cause significant emotional distress. Education and involvement aid understanding of interventions and foster a supportive environment for both the neonate and family.
Choice B rationale
Strict handwashing and sterile technique prevent infection in preterm neonates, whose immature immune systems make them highly susceptible to sepsis, a leading cause of morbidity in NICUs.
Choice C rationale
Creating a womb-like state through dim lighting, limited noise, and careful positioning supports neurodevelopment and mimics the intrauterine environment, promoting growth and stability.
Choice D rationale
Frequent diaper changes may disturb thermoregulation and disrupt the neonate's limited energy reserves, as preterm infants require an environment that minimizes stress and conserves energy.
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