The nurse identified that the patient has pain of 7 on a scale of 1 to 10 and he expresses discomfort over the incisional area. He guards the area by resisting movement. Which component is the S in a three-part nursing diagnostic statement using the PES format? Nursing Diagnosis: Acute pain r/t incisional trauma with guarding and restricted movement

A. Use a square knot. Using a square knot is not recommended for securing restraints because it can be difficult to quickly release in an emergency. Instead, restraints should be secured with a quick-release tie to ensure they can be removed promptly if necessary.
B. Assess the extremity for circulation and neurological integrity every 2 hours. Regular assessment of the extremity is essential to ensure that the restraint is not impairing circulation or causing nerve damage. This frequent monitoring helps prevent complications and ensures the client’s safety.
C. Secure the restraint to the side rail. Securing restraints to the side rail is not recommended as it can cause injury or entrapment. The restraint should be secured to the bed frame or a fixed part of the bed that does not move or pose a risk to the client.
D. Assess restraints and skin integrity every 12 hours. Assessing restraints and skin integrity every 12 hours is inadequate. More frequent assessments, such as every 2 hours, are necessary to prevent skin breakdown and ensure that the restraints are not causing harm.

A. Inguinal hernia: While an inguinal hernia can cause discomfort and potential complications, it is not typically considered a significant fall risk.
B. Hyperlipidemia: This condition affects cholesterol levels and is not directly related to an increased risk of falls.
C. Multiple sclerosis: MS can lead to muscle weakness, balance issues, and coordination problems, which significantly increase the risk of falls.
D. Hyperthyroidism: Although hyperthyroidism can cause symptoms like tremors and muscle weakness, it is less directly associated with fall risk compared to multiple sclerosis.