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The nurse continues to care for the client.
Exhibits
The nurse administers the client's scheduled medication. Which of the following adverse effects of the medication should the nurse monitor the client for? Select all that apply.

Sudden muscular contractions

Orthostatic hypotension

Anticholinergic effects

Tremors

Sedation

Increased urination

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

Rationale:

A. Sudden muscular contractions: Antipsychotics like haloperidol and chlorpromazine can cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including acute dystonia, which manifests as sudden, involuntary muscle contractions typically affecting the face, neck, or back.

B. Orthostatic hypotension: Chlorpromazine, a low-potency typical antipsychotic, often causes orthostatic hypotension due to its alpha-adrenergic blockade, increasing fall risk, especially in older adults or those new to therapy.

C. Anticholinergic effects: These include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. Chlorpromazine is particularly known for its anticholinergic side effects due to its action on muscarinic receptors.

D. Tremors: Tremors are part of parkinsonian side effects, another form of EPS commonly caused by haloperidol. They result from dopamine blockade in the nigrostriatal pathway.

E. Sedation: Both haloperidol and chlorpromazine can cause sedation. Chlorpromazine is especially sedating due to its histamine (H1) receptor blockade, which depresses the CNS.

F. Increased urination: Not typically associated with these medications. In fact, anticholinergic effects from chlorpromazine more often lead to urinary retention, not increased urination.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Limited hip abduction: Limited abduction of the hips in a 1-month-old can indicate developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). This finding warrants further evaluation, such as ultrasound imaging, to rule out structural abnormalities and initiate early treatment if needed.

B. Equal leg length: Equal leg length is a normal finding and does not require intervention. Leg length discrepancies are more concerning and often associated with hip dislocation or other musculoskeletal conditions.

C. Symmetric gluteal and thigh skin folds: Symmetry in the gluteal and thigh folds is a reassuring sign that typically rules out DDH. Asymmetry would be more suggestive of a hip abnormality requiring follow-up.

D. Femoral head remains in the acetabulum during the Barlow maneuver: This is a normal finding. The Barlow test assesses for hip instability, and if the femoral head remains stable within the socket, no further evaluation is needed.

A. Penicillin B. Zolpidem C. Clopidogrel D. Ipratropium

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Penicillin: Saw palmetto does not interfere with antibiotic action or metabolism. No significant pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic interaction exists between penicillin and saw palmetto.

B. Zolpidem: While both may cause some central nervous system effects, there is no established adverse interaction between zolpidem and saw palmetto. Co-administration is generally not contraindicated.

C. Clopidogrel: Saw palmetto has antiplatelet properties and can potentiate the effects of clopidogrel, increasing the risk of bleeding. Clients taking both may face elevated risk of gastrointestinal or intracranial hemorrhage.

D. Ipratropium: Ipratropium is an anticholinergic agent used primarily for respiratory conditions. It does not have a known interaction with saw palmetto, and their pharmacologic mechanisms do not overlap.

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The nurse continues to care for the client.Exhibits The nurse administers the client's scheduled medication. Which of the following adverse effects of the medication should the nurse monitor the client for? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a 1-month-old infant at a pediatric office. Which of the following findings requires a referral for further care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The client asks the nurse about taking saw palmetto. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following medications interacts adversely with saw palmetto?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse continues to care for the client.
Exhibits
The nurse administers the client's scheduled medication. Which of the following adverse effects of the medication should the nurse monitor the client for? Select all that apply.