The nurse caring for the pregnant patient understands that the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy is:
Estrogen
Oxytocin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Progesterone
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Estrogen is not the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. Estrogen is a hormone that stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive organs, the breasts, and the placenta. Estrogen also increases the blood flow and the uterine contractility during pregnancy. However, estrogen alone is not sufficient to sustain the pregnancy, as it needs to be balanced by progesterone.
Choice B rationale
Oxytocin is not the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates the contraction of the uterine and the mammary glands. Oxytocin plays a role in the initiation and the progression of labor, as well as in the milk ejection during breastfeeding. However, oxytocin is not involved in the maintenance of the pregnancy, as it can cause premature labor if released too early.
Choice C rationale
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is not the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. hCG is a hormone that is produced by the placenta and the embryo. hCG supports the corpus luteum, which is the structure that produces progesterone in the early pregnancy. hCG also prevents the immune system from rejecting the fetus, and stimulates the production of other hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. However, hCG is not the main hormone that maintains the pregnancy, as its levels decline after the first trimester, when the placenta takes over the production of progesterone.
Choice D rationale
Progesterone is the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. Progesterone is a hormone that prepares the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus, for the implantation of the fertilized egg. Progesterone also maintains the pregnancy by preventing the uterine contractions and the immune response against the fetus. Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum in the early pregnancy, and by the placenta in the later pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This is incorrect because the right upper quadrant is not the most likely location for fetal heart tones. The round, firm, movable part in the fundus of the uterus indicates that the fetal head is in the breech position. The long, smooth surface on the client's right side suggests that the fetal spine is on the same side. Therefore, the fetal heart tones would be best heard in the lower right quadrant, where the fetal chest is located.
Choice B rationale
This is incorrect because the left upper quadrant is not the most likely location for fetal heart tones. The round, firm, movable part in the fundus of the uterus indicates that the fetal head is in the breech position. The long, smooth surface on the client's right side suggests that the fetal spine is on the opposite side. Therefore, the fetal heart tones would be best heard in the lower right quadrant, where the fetal chest is located.
Choice C rationale
This is incorrect because the left lower quadrant is not the most likely location for fetal heart tones. The round, firm, movable part in the fundus of the uterus indicates that the fetal head is in the breech position. The long, smooth surface on the client's right side suggests that the fetal spine is on the opposite side. Therefore, the fetal heart tones would be best heard in the lower right quadrant, where the fetal chest is located.
Choice D rationale
This is correct because the right lower quadrant is the most likely location for fetal heart tones. The round, firm, movable part in the fundus of the uterus indicates that the fetal head is in the breech position. The long, smooth surface on the client's right side suggests that the fetal spine is on the same side. Therefore, the fetal heart tones would be best heard in the lower right quadrant, where the fetal chest is located.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Amniotic fluid in the vaginal vault is not a definitive sign of labor. It indicates that the membranes have ruptured, which can occur before or during labor. However, some clients may not have their membranes ruptured until the late stages of labor or during delivery.
Choice B rationale
Cervical dilation is a definitive sign of labor. It indicates that the cervix is opening and thinning to allow the passage of the fetus. Cervical dilation is measured in centimeters from 0 to 10, with 10 being fully dilated and ready for delivery.
Choice C rationale
Brownish vaginal discharge is not a definitive sign of labor. It may indicate the presence of the bloody show, which is the mucus plug that seals the cervix during pregnancy. The bloody show may be expelled before or during labor, but it does not necessarily mean that labor has started.
Choice D rationale
Report of pain above the umbilicus is not a definitive sign of labor. It may indicate the presence of Braxton Hicks contractions, which are irregular and painless contractions that occur throughout pregnancy. They are also known as false labor contractions, as they do not cause cervical dilation or effacement.
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