In terms of the incidence and classification of diabetes, maternity nurses should know that:

Type 1 diabetes is most common

Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed

Type 1 diabetes may become type 2 during pregnancy

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) means that the woman will be receiving insulin treatment until 6 weeks after birth

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Type 1 diabetes is not the most common type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin, which is a hormone that regulates the blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood or adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy. Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5% to 10% of all cases of diabetes.

Choice B rationale
Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed. Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body becomes resistant to the action of insulin or the pancreas produces insufficient insulin. Type 2 diabetes usually develops in adulthood and is associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and family history. Type 2 diabetes can be managed with diet, exercise, oral medications, or insulin. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% to 95% of all cases of diabetes. However, many people with type 2 diabetes do not have any symptoms or are unaware of their condition, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and complications.

Choice C rationale
Type 1 diabetes cannot become type 2 during pregnancy. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are different conditions with different causes and treatments. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder that destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, while type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that impairs the insulin sensitivity or secretion. Type 1 diabetes cannot be reversed or prevented, while type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed with lifestyle changes.

Choice D rationale
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) does not mean that the woman will be receiving insulin treatment until 6 weeks after birth. GDM is a condition where the blood glucose level becomes elevated during pregnancy, usually after 24 weeks of gestation. GDM can cause complications for the mother and the fetus, such as preeclampsia, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. GDM can be managed with diet, exercise, oral medications, or insulin. GDM usually resolves after delivery, but the woman should be tested for diabetes 6 to 12 weeks postpartum, as she has a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
As labor begins, the cervix starts to soften, shorten and thin (efface). This process is often expressed in percentages¹. This is a sign of true labor².

Choice B rationale
The station of the presenting part refers to the position of the baby's head in relation to the mother's pelvis. While it can indicate progress in labor, it is not a definitive sign of true labor.

Choice C rationale
Rupture of the membranes, or water breaking, can occur before or during labor. However, it is not a reliable sign of true labor as it can also occur in preterm labor or even without contractions.

Choice D rationale
The pattern of contractions can be a sign of labor. True labor contractions are regular, increase in intensity, and do not ease up with change in activity or position². However, contractions alone are not a definitive sign of true labor as they can also occur in false labor (Braxton Hicks contractions).

A. 4-2-1-0-3 B. 3-1-1-1-3 C. 3-0-3-0-3 D. 4-1-2-0-4

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
This option incorrectly counts the number of term births and preterm births. The woman has had one term birth (at 39 weeks) and two preterm births (twins at 34 weeks and another child at 35 weeks).

Choice B rationale
This option incorrectly counts the number of pregnancies and term births. The woman has been pregnant four times, not three, and she has had one term birth, not one.

Choice C rationale
This option incorrectly counts the number of pregnancies, term births, and preterm births. The woman has been pregnant four times, not three, and she has had one term birth and two preterm births, not three.

Choice D rationale
This is the correct option. The woman has been pregnant four times (Gravida = 4). She has had one term birth (Term = 1), two preterm births (Preterm = 2), no abortions (Abortions = 0), and four living children (Living = 4)¹².

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In terms of the incidence and classification of diabetes, maternity nurses should know that:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is a primigravida, at term, and having contractions but is stating that she is "not really sure if she is in labor or not." Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a sign of true labor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is in active labor and notes late decelerations on the fetal monitor. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?

A nurse is leading a discussion about contraception with a group of 14-year-old clients. After the presentation, a client asks the nurse which method would be best for her to use. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A nurse is caring for a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. The newborn has respiratory distress syndrome. The nurse should be aware that the most likely cause of the respiratory distress is which of the following?

In terms of the incidence and classification of diabetes, maternity nurses should know that:

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy, and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?

The patient has an area over the sacrum that is reddened around the edges with a blackened area in the center. How would you document this wound?

A nurse is caring for a newborn who has macrosomia and whose mother has diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following newborn complications as the priority focus of care?

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate to treat pre-eclampsia. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?