In terms of the incidence and classification of diabetes, maternity nurses should know that:
Type 1 diabetes is most common
Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed
Type 1 diabetes may become type 2 during pregnancy
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) means that the woman will be receiving insulin treatment until 6 weeks after birth
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Type 1 diabetes is not the most common type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin, which is a hormone that regulates the blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood or adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy. Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5% to 10% of all cases of diabetes.
Choice B rationale
Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed. Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body becomes resistant to the action of insulin or the pancreas produces insufficient insulin. Type 2 diabetes usually develops in adulthood and is associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and family history. Type 2 diabetes can be managed with diet, exercise, oral medications, or insulin. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% to 95% of all cases of diabetes. However, many people with type 2 diabetes do not have any symptoms or are unaware of their condition, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and complications.
Choice C rationale
Type 1 diabetes cannot become type 2 during pregnancy. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are different conditions with different causes and treatments. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder that destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, while type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that impairs the insulin sensitivity or secretion. Type 1 diabetes cannot be reversed or prevented, while type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed with lifestyle changes.
Choice D rationale
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) does not mean that the woman will be receiving insulin treatment until 6 weeks after birth. GDM is a condition where the blood glucose level becomes elevated during pregnancy, usually after 24 weeks of gestation. GDM can cause complications for the mother and the fetus, such as preeclampsia, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. GDM can be managed with diet, exercise, oral medications, or insulin. GDM usually resolves after delivery, but the woman should be tested for diabetes 6 to 12 weeks postpartum, as she has a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This option incorrectly counts the number of term births and preterm births. The woman has had one term birth (at 39 weeks) and two preterm births (twins at 34 weeks and another child at 35 weeks).
Choice B rationale
This option incorrectly counts the number of pregnancies and term births. The woman has been pregnant four times, not three, and she has had one term birth, not one.
Choice C rationale
This option incorrectly counts the number of pregnancies, term births, and preterm births. The woman has been pregnant four times, not three, and she has had one term birth and two preterm births, not three.
Choice D rationale
This is the correct option. The woman has been pregnant four times (Gravida = 4). She has had one term birth (Term = 1), two preterm births (Preterm = 2), no abortions (Abortions = 0), and four living children (Living = 4)¹².
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Examination to determine cervical status is not an appropriate nursing action for a client who has suspected placenta previa. This may cause trauma to the placenta and increase the bleeding. The nurse should avoid any vaginal examinations or interventions unless absolutely necessary.
Choice B rationale
Magnesium sulfate infusion is not an appropriate nursing action for a client who has suspected placenta previa. This medication is used to prevent or treat seizures in clients who have preeclampsia or eclampsia, not placenta previa. It may also cause adverse effects such as respiratory depression, hypotension, and decreased fetal heart rate.
Choice C rationale
Initiation of pushing is not an appropriate nursing action for a client who has suspected placenta previa. This may worsen the bleeding and compromise the fetal oxygenation. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid any bearing down or straining.
Choice D rationale
Preparation for cesarean birth is an appropriate nursing action for a client who has suspected placenta previa. This is the preferred mode of delivery for clients who have placenta previa, especially if the bleeding is severe or the fetal distress is present. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, fetal heart rate, and blood loss, and notify the provider immediately.
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