The newly hired community nurse is working to mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems. This is an example of which public health core function?

Choice A reason: Studying others is later; self-awareness is the first step. This errors per nursing cultural competence. It’s universally distinct, not the initial action required.

Choice B reason: Self-reflection on personal culture is the first step to competence. This aligns with nursing standards. It’s universally recognized, distinctly foundational for cultural understanding.

Choice C reason: Surveying ethnicities follows self-awareness, not precedes it. This choice misaligns with nursing process. It’s universally distinct, a secondary step in competence development.

Choice D reason: Inviting others is engagement, not the first competence step. Self-reflection comes first. This errors per nursing standards. It’s universally distinct, out of sequence.

Choice A reason: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, spreads via tick bites, a classic vector-borne mechanism. Ticks transfer the bacteria during feeding, triggering fever and rash, demonstrating how vectors biologically transmit pathogens between hosts, distinguishing it epidemiologically clearly.

Choice B reason: Anthrax, from Bacillus anthracis, isn’t vector-borne but spreads via spores through direct contact, inhalation, or ingestion, like contaminated soil. No biological vector like ticks is involved; it’s an environmental exposure disease, not reliant on intermediary transmission biologically or consistently.

Choice C reason: Hepatitis B transmits through blood or bodily fluids, not vectors. It’s a viral infection from human-to-human contact, like needle sharing, lacking a biological intermediary like mosquitoes, distinguishing it from vector-borne diseases reliant on external carriers entirely for spread.

Choice D reason: E. coli O157:H7 spreads via contaminated food or water, not vectors. It’s a bacterial pathogen causing gastrointestinal illness, transmitted directly through ingestion, not biologically via insects or animals, separating it from vector-dependent disease transmission mechanisms completely and distinctly.