A student asks the nurse at the student health clinic how HIV is diagnosed. Which of the following statements would be the best response by the nurse?
"A diagnosis of HIV is made when CD4 T-lymphocytes drop to less than 30 cells/mm."
"A diagnosis of HIV is made when antibodies to HIV reach peak levels of 1000/ml of blood."
"A diagnosis of HIV is made when a patient tests positive for Syphilis."
"A diagnosis of HIV is made when antibodies to HIV are detected (seroconversion) about 6 weeks to 3 months following possible exposure."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: CD4 drop is AIDS, not HIV diagnosis. Seroconversion fits, per nursing. This errors in stage. It’s universally distinct.
Choice B reason: Antibody levels aren’t quantified at 1000/ml for diagnosis. Seroconversion is correct, per standards. This misaligns with facts. It’s universally distinct.
Choice C reason: Syphilis is unrelated; HIV diagnosis uses antibodies. This errors per nursing knowledge. It’s universally distinct, wrong disease.
Choice D reason: HIV diagnosis detects antibodies during seroconversion, 6 weeks to 3 months. This aligns with nursing standards. It’s universally accurate, distinctly true.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Sunscreen education prevents skin damage, a primary strategy. This fits public health standards precisely. It’s universally recognized, distinctly preemptive care.
Choice B reason: TB skin tests are secondary, detecting disease early. Sunscreen prevents, per nursing. This errors in level. It’s universally distinct.
Choice C reason: Pesticide screening is secondary; primary prevents exposure. Sunscreen fits, per public health. This misaligns with prevention type. It’s universally distinct.
Choice D reason: Medicine adherence is tertiary; sunscreen prevents issues. This errors per nursing standards. It’s universally distinct, treatment-focused.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Identifying at-risk groups, like the elderly for flu, reflects public health’s population focus. It drives prevention and resource allocation, targeting interventions where disease burden is highest, aligning with epidemiology and community health principles central to the role comprehensively and effectively.
Choice B reason: Prioritizing individual patients suits clinical nursing, not public health’s broader scope. It focuses on immediate care, like triaging a clinic, missing the population-level risk assessment and prevention strategies that define public health nursing’s systemic approach distinctly and fundamentally here.
Choice C reason: Collaborating with physicians is clinical, not public health-specific. It’s relevant but secondary to assessing community needs, like outbreak risks, which public health nurses prioritize over individual provider partnerships, emphasizing population health over bedside coordination primarily and consistently overall.
Choice D reason: Partnering with assistants is operational, not strategic. Public health nursing focuses on community risk, like sanitation issues, not delegating tasks. This reflects clinical logistics, not the population-based, preventive role central to public health nursing’s mission and practice distinctly here.
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