A nurse is investigating a bacterial illness that has caused a health problem in the community. Only some of the people exposed to the bacteria have become ill. Which of the following factors best explains why this would have happened?
Successful interaction among the agent, host, and environment.
Environmental factors
Physical agent factors
Chemical agent factors
The Correct Answer is A
A. Successful interaction among the agent, host, and environment: The epidemiologic triad explains disease occurrence through the interaction of an agent (bacteria), a host (individual susceptibility), and the environment (conditions favoring disease transmission).
B. Environmental factors: While environmental factors contribute to disease spread, they alone do not explain why only some people become ill. Host susceptibility also plays a role.
C. Physical agent factors: Physical agents refer to non-living causes of disease (e.g., radiation, trauma), which are unrelated to bacterial infections.
D. Chemical agent factors: Chemical agents (e.g., toxins, pollutants) do not explain bacterial infections, which are caused by biological agents.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Ticks: Ticks are ectoparasites that attach to the outside of the host rather than living inside the body.
B. Protozoal: Protozoa (e.g., Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica) are endoparasites that live inside the host, affecting the digestive system.
C. Mites: Mites (Sarcoptes scabiei) are also ectoparasites and do not cause internal gastrointestinal infections.
D. Roundworms: Roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides) are endoparasites that live in the intestines and can cause gastrointestinal symptoms and malnutrition.
E. Tapeworms: Tapeworms (Taenia solium, Taenia saginata) are also endoparasites that reside in the intestines and can cause weight loss and abdominal discomfort.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke): Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and stroke, are the leading causes of death globally. These diseases account for over 70% of deaths worldwide.
B. Terrorism: While terrorism causes loss of life, it does not account for nearly as many deaths as chronic diseases.
C. Infectious diseases: Infectious diseases remain a major concern, especially in developing nations, but chronic diseases surpass them as the leading cause of death.
D. Injuries (accidental or purposeful): Injuries contribute to mortality but are not the leading cause of death worldwide.
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