The mother of a 1-month-old infant tells the nurse she worries that her baby will get meningitis like the child's older brother had when he was an infant. The nurse should base her response on which of the following?
Vaccinations to prevent pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis are available.
Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found.
Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy
Vaccination to prevent all types of meningitis is now available
The Correct Answer is A
A) Vaccinations to prevent pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis are available.
Explanation: This statement is true. Vaccinations to prevent certain types of bacterial meningitis are available. Pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccines are included in routine childhood immunization schedules to protect against the bacteria that can cause meningitis and other serious infections. These vaccines have significantly reduced the incidence of bacterial meningitis in infants and children.
B) Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found.
Explanation: This statement is generally false. While there may be some genetic factors that influence susceptibility to infections, including meningitis, genetic predisposition is not a primary consideration when discussing the risk of meningitis. Meningitis is more commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections, and genetic predisposition is not a significant factor in its occurrence.
C) Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy.
Explanation: This statement is false. Meningitis can occur in infants, including newborns. In fact, infants are one of the age groups at higher risk for meningitis due to their underdeveloped immune systems and susceptibility to infections. Bacterial meningitis, in particular, can be severe and life-threatening in infants.
D) Vaccination to prevent all types of meningitis is now available.
Explanation: This statement is not entirely accurate. While vaccinations are available to prevent certain types of bacterial meningitis (such as pneumococcal and Hib meningitis), there is no single vaccine that can prevent all types of meningitis. Meningitis can be caused by various bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, and the vaccines target specific ones. It's important for caregivers to ensure that their infants receive recommended vaccines to protect against the most common causes of meningitis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Fluid Requirement (mL/24 hours) = Weight (kg) × Fluid Requirement (mL/kg)
Given that the child weighs 70.4 pounds, we first need to convert this weight to kilograms (1 lb = 0.453592 kg):
Weight in kg = 70.4 lb × 0.453592 kg/lb ≈ 31.89 kg
Now, let's calculate the fluid requirement using the given choices:
A) 1740:
Fluid Requirement = 31.89 kg × 55 mL/kg = 1753.95 mL
B) 134056:
This number is significantly larger than any reasonable fluid requirement and is likely an error.
C) 2:
This value is far too low to represent the fluid requirements of a child.
D) 12:
This value is also too low to represent the fluid requirements of a child.
So, the correct answer is A) 1740 mL. The child's estimated daily fluid requirement would be around 1740 mL in a 24-hour period, based on a weight of 70.4 pounds.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat certain heart conditions, including some congenital heart defects. It's important to monitor the heart rate and other signs of toxicity when administering digoxin, especially in pediatric patients. Let's break down the information given:
The pediatric maintenance dose of digoxin is 5 mcg/kg daily.
The child weighs 55 pounds (approximately 25 kg).
Given these values, the total daily dose for this child would be:
Total daily dose = 5 mcg/kg × 25 kg = 125 mcg
This total daily dose is usually given as a single dose. However, the child's heart rate is noted to be only 50 beats per minute (bpm). A heart rate of 50 bpm in a child could potentially indicate bradycardia (slow heart rate), which can be a sign of digoxin toxicity. Bradycardia is a known adverse effect of digoxin, and it's important to assess for other signs of toxicity as well, such as nausea, vomiting, and changes in color vision.
In this case, it would be prudent to withhold the digoxin and assess the child further for signs of toxicity or bradycardia. The dose should not be administered until the healthcare provider is consulted and appropriate action is determined.
So, the correct answer is indeed NO. Administering the digoxin without considering the slow heart rate and the potential for toxicity could be unsafe for the child.
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