A child with growth hormone deficiency (hypopituitarism) is being started on growth hormone therapy. Nursing considerations should be based on knowledge of which of the following:

Replacement therapy may require daily subcutaneous injections

Lifelong replacement therapy will be required

Treatment is most successful if started during adolescence.

Treatment is considered successful if children attain full stature by adulthood

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Replacement therapy may require daily subcutaneous injections.

Explanation: Growth hormone deficiency (hypopituitarism) often requires treatment with growth hormone therapy. One common method of administering growth hormone is through daily subcutaneous injections. Subcutaneous injections involve injecting the medication under the skin into the fatty tissue. This is a routine part of growth hormone therapy, and nursing considerations would include educating the child and their family about proper injection techniques, site rotation, and adherence to the treatment schedule.

Explanation for the other choices:

B. Lifelong replacement therapy will be required:

This statement is generally true. Growth hormone deficiency often requires long-term treatment, which may extend throughout childhood and adolescence. However, in some cases, the need for growth hormone therapy might change based on the individual's response to treatment and growth patterns.

C. Treatment is most successful if started during adolescence:

The optimal timing for starting growth hormone therapy can vary depending on the specific circumstances and the underlying cause of growth hormone deficiency. While treatment during adolescence can be effective, growth hormone therapy can also be successful if started earlier in childhood or later in adolescence. The key is identifying and treating the deficiency as soon as possible to promote healthy growth.

D. Treatment is considered successful if children attain full stature by adulthood:

While growth hormone therapy aims to support growth, achieving "full stature" might not always be possible. The goal of treatment is to help the child reach a more typical height based on their genetic potential and individual response to therapy. The success of treatment is determined by improvements in growth velocity and height, rather than necessarily achieving "full stature," which can vary greatly among individuals.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Vaccinations to prevent pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis are available.

Explanation: This statement is true. Vaccinations to prevent certain types of bacterial meningitis are available. Pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccines are included in routine childhood immunization schedules to protect against the bacteria that can cause meningitis and other serious infections. These vaccines have significantly reduced the incidence of bacterial meningitis in infants and children.

B) Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found.

Explanation: This statement is generally false. While there may be some genetic factors that influence susceptibility to infections, including meningitis, genetic predisposition is not a primary consideration when discussing the risk of meningitis. Meningitis is more commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections, and genetic predisposition is not a significant factor in its occurrence.

C) Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy.

Explanation: This statement is false. Meningitis can occur in infants, including newborns. In fact, infants are one of the age groups at higher risk for meningitis due to their underdeveloped immune systems and susceptibility to infections. Bacterial meningitis, in particular, can be severe and life-threatening in infants.

D) Vaccination to prevent all types of meningitis is now available.

Explanation: This statement is not entirely accurate. While vaccinations are available to prevent certain types of bacterial meningitis (such as pneumococcal and Hib meningitis), there is no single vaccine that can prevent all types of meningitis. Meningitis can be caused by various bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, and the vaccines target specific ones. It's important for caregivers to ensure that their infants receive recommended vaccines to protect against the most common causes of meningitis.

A. "My son might complain of feeling shaky when he has a low blood glucose level B. "My son might have nausea and vomiting with hypoglycemia C. Sweating can occur with hyperglycemia D. The onset of low blood glucose usually occurs slowly

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "My son might complain of feeling shaky when he has a low blood glucose level."

Explanation: Correct Choice. Shaking or feeling shaky is a common symptom of low blood glucose levels, also known as hypoglycemia. When blood sugar drops too low, the body releases adrenaline, causing shaking or trembling. This response is indicative of an understanding of hypoglycemia symptoms.

B. "My son might have nausea and vomiting with hypoglycemia."

Explanation: Nausea and vomiting are not typical symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). They are more commonly associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) or other conditions. This statement is not accurate in the context of hypoglycemia.

C. "Sweating can occur with hyperglycemia."

Explanation: Sweating is more commonly associated with hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) rather than hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). When blood sugar levels drop too low, the body can respond with sweating as part of the adrenaline release. Sweating is not a typical symptom of hyperglycemia.

D. "The onset of low blood glucose usually occurs slowly."

Explanation: The onset of low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) can vary. It can occur suddenly, especially if the individual takes too much insulin or diabetes medication, leading to a rapid drop in blood sugar. The correct understanding is that the onset of low blood glucose can be rapid and not always slow.

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A child with growth hormone deficiency (hypopituitarism) is being started on growth hormone therapy. Nursing considerations should be based on knowledge of which of the following:

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