A child with growth hormone deficiency (hypopituitarism) is being started on growth hormone therapy. Nursing considerations should be based on knowledge of which of the following:

Replacement therapy may require daily subcutaneous injections

Lifelong replacement therapy will be required

Treatment is most successful if started during adolescence.

Treatment is considered successful if children attain full stature by adulthood

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Replacement therapy may require daily subcutaneous injections.

Explanation: Growth hormone deficiency (hypopituitarism) often requires treatment with growth hormone therapy. One common method of administering growth hormone is through daily subcutaneous injections. Subcutaneous injections involve injecting the medication under the skin into the fatty tissue. This is a routine part of growth hormone therapy, and nursing considerations would include educating the child and their family about proper injection techniques, site rotation, and adherence to the treatment schedule.

Explanation for the other choices:

B. Lifelong replacement therapy will be required:

This statement is generally true. Growth hormone deficiency often requires long-term treatment, which may extend throughout childhood and adolescence. However, in some cases, the need for growth hormone therapy might change based on the individual's response to treatment and growth patterns.

C. Treatment is most successful if started during adolescence:

The optimal timing for starting growth hormone therapy can vary depending on the specific circumstances and the underlying cause of growth hormone deficiency. While treatment during adolescence can be effective, growth hormone therapy can also be successful if started earlier in childhood or later in adolescence. The key is identifying and treating the deficiency as soon as possible to promote healthy growth.

D. Treatment is considered successful if children attain full stature by adulthood:

While growth hormone therapy aims to support growth, achieving "full stature" might not always be possible. The goal of treatment is to help the child reach a more typical height based on their genetic potential and individual response to therapy. The success of treatment is determined by improvements in growth velocity and height, rather than necessarily achieving "full stature," which can vary greatly among individuals.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Apply cool sterile soaks to the child's head.

Explanation: Applying cool sterile soaks to the child's head would not directly address periorbital edema. Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder that results in proteinuria (loss of protein in urine), leading to fluid accumulation and edema. Cooling the head would not have a significant impact on reducing periorbital edema caused by nephrotic syndrome.

B. Apply warm compresses.

Explanation: Correct Choice. Applying warm compresses can help increase blood circulation and promote the reabsorption of excess fluid causing periorbital edema. Warmth can dilate blood vessels and improve the movement of fluids, potentially alleviating the edema.

C. Encourage the child to eat low protein foods.

Explanation: While dietary modifications might be part of managing nephrotic syndrome, specifically encouraging low protein foods may not directly address periorbital edema. The primary treatment for nephrotic syndrome involves medications to control proteinuria and manage fluid balance.

D. Elevate the head of the bed.

Explanation: Elevating the head of the bed is more commonly used to manage conditions like heart failure or obstructive sleep apnea. It might have some impact on overall fluid distribution, but it's not the most effective measure for reducing periorbital edema caused by nephrotic syndrome.

A. Low-protein, low-potassium diet B. Low-sodium fluid-restricted C. Low carbohydrate, low-protein diet D. Regular diet, no added salt

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Low-protein, low-potassium diet:

While low-protein and low-potassium diets can be appropriate for certain kidney conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, they are not typically the primary focus in the acute phase of glomerulonephritis. Protein restriction might be considered if there is significant kidney damage, and potassium levels are elevated.

B) Low-sodium fluid-restricted diet:

This is the most appropriate option. In acute glomerulonephritis, the kidneys' ability to regulate sodium and fluid balance may be impaired due to inflammation and decreased glomerular filtration. Fluid retention and peripheral edema are common. A low-sodium diet helps reduce fluid retention and manage edema.

C) Low carbohydrate, low-protein diet:

Low-carbohydrate and low-protein diets are not the main dietary considerations for acute glomerulonephritis. The primary focus is on managing sodium and fluid intake due to impaired kidney function.

D) Regular diet, no added salt:

A regular diet without added salt might exacerbate the fluid retention and edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Sodium intake needs to be controlled to prevent further fluid buildup.

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A child with growth hormone deficiency (hypopituitarism) is being started on growth hormone therapy. Nursing considerations should be based on knowledge of which of the following:

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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