The following newborns are three-hours old and are sleeping. The registered nurse should notify the provider about which newborn?

The newborn with a heart rate of 154 beats/minute

The newborn with a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute

The newborn with a red raised capillary hemangioma on left forearm

The newborn with whitish, hardened nodules on the gums of the mouth

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The newborn with a heart rate of 154 beats/minute. This is within the normal range for a newborn, which is between 120-160 beats per minute.
B. The newborn with a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute. This is abnormal; the normal respiratory rate for a newborn is between 30-60 breaths per minute. A rate of 72 could indicate respiratory distress and requires prompt evaluation.

C. The newborn with a red raised capillary hemangioma on the left forearm. Capillary hemangiomas are common, benign vascular tumors that typically do not require immediate intervention.
D. The newborn with whitish, hardened nodules on the gums of the mouth. These are likely Epstein pearls, which are harmless cysts often seen in newborns and typically resolve on their own.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The baseline FHR can be obtained via ultrasound or auscultation: True. The baseline fetal heart rate can be assessed using ultrasound or auscultation, which are standard methods.
B. The baseline FHR can be obtained during contractions: False. The baseline fetal heart rate should be obtained in the absence of uterine contractions because contractions can temporarily alter the heart rate, making it difficult to determine the true baseline.
C. The baseline FHR is normal between 110-160 bpm: True. This is the accepted normal range for baseline fetal heart rates.
D. The baseline FHR is assessed over a 10-minute period: True. The baseline is typically assessed over a 10-minute window to account for variability and provide an accurate average.

A. Hypertonia B. Large ears C. Transverse palmar creases D. Protruding tongue E. Low birth weight

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

Answer: C, D

A. Hypertonia
Hypertonia, or increased muscle tone, is not a common characteristic of Trisomy 21. In fact, many infants with Down's Syndrome typically exhibit hypotonia, or decreased muscle tone, which can affect their overall strength and development.

B. Large ears
While individuals with Down's Syndrome may have unique ear shapes, "large ears" are not specifically characteristic of Trisomy 21. Instead, the ears may appear small or have a different shape compared to those of typically developing children.

C. Transverse palmar creases
Transverse palmar creases, also known as simian lines, are commonly seen in individuals with Down's Syndrome. This feature is a characteristic finding that can help in identifying the condition during physical assessment.

D. Protruding tongue
A protruding tongue is a common feature in individuals with Down's Syndrome. This occurs due to hypotonia of the oral muscles, which can lead to difficulties in tongue control and positioning.

E. Low birth weight
Low birth weight is not a defining characteristic of Trisomy 21. In fact, newborns with Down's Syndrome can have varying birth weights; they are often average weight or slightly above average, although some may be below average due to other factors related to maternal health or gestational issues.

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The following newborns are three-hours old and are sleeping. The registered nurse should notify the provider about which newborn?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following statements is NOT true about baseline fetal heart rates (FHR)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a newborn who has Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome). Which of the following are common characteristics? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

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