The family has just been informed by the healthcare provider that their newborn is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect, Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The family tells the nurse that the healthcare provider told them that TOF is comprised of several defects, and they ask the nurse what the defects are. What will the nurse tell the family? Select all that apply.
Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Coarctation of the aorta
Ventral septal defect
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
A. Pulmonary stenosis is one of the characteristic features of TOF, causing obstruction to blood flow to the lungs.
B. Overriding aorta is a defining feature of TOF, where the aorta is positioned over the ventricular septal defect, leading to mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
C. Right ventricular hypertrophy occurs in TOF due to increased workload on the right ventricle caused by pulmonary stenosis.
D. Coarctation of the aorta is not part of Tetralogy of Fallot; it is a separate congenital defect.
E. A ventricular septal defect is the hole between the ventricles in TOF, leading to the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A low-fat diet is inappropriate for children with cystic fibrosis; they require a high-fat, high-calorie diet.
B. Pancreatic enzymes must be taken with every meal and snack to help with nutrient absorption in children with cystic fibrosis.
C. Limiting fluid intake is not appropriate for children with cystic fibrosis; adequate hydration is important.
D. Salt intake should be increased, not restricted, in children with cystic fibrosis due to excessive salt loss in sweat.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Toddlers often go through phases of decreased appetite and picky eating, so expecting an increased appetite may not be realistic.
B. While vitamins may be useful in some cases, they should not be used to replace a balanced diet. Picky eating should be addressed by offering a variety of foods.
C. A typical toddler's calorie intake is much lower than 3,000 calories; the average is closer to 1,000-1,400 calories per day.
D. The quality of food is more important than the quantity, as toddlers need nutrient-dense foods to support their growth and development.
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