The family has just been informed by the healthcare provider that their newborn is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect, Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The family tells the nurse that the healthcare provider told them that TOF is comprised of several defects, and they ask the nurse what the defects are. What will the nurse tell the family? Select all that apply.
Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Coarctation of the aorta
Ventral septal defect
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
A. Pulmonary stenosis is one of the characteristic features of TOF, causing obstruction to blood flow to the lungs.
B. Overriding aorta is a defining feature of TOF, where the aorta is positioned over the ventricular septal defect, leading to mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
C. Right ventricular hypertrophy occurs in TOF due to increased workload on the right ventricle caused by pulmonary stenosis.
D. Coarctation of the aorta is not part of Tetralogy of Fallot; it is a separate congenital defect.
E. A ventricular septal defect is the hole between the ventricles in TOF, leading to the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A pacifier should not be offered after cleft lip surgery, as it can put pressure on the surgical site and affect healing.
B. Rocking the infant can be a soothing and comforting action to help the infant recover from surgery. It provides emotional comfort and promotes bonding with the parents.
C. Ibuprofen is generally not recommended for infants under 6 months of age unless prescribed by the provider. Appropriate pain management should be used based on the infant's age and condition.
D. Positioning the infant on her abdomen is not appropriate after cleft lip surgery, as this could place pressure on the surgical area. The infant should be positioned on her back or side to avoid stress on the repair site.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Breastfeeding or formula feeding should be continued until 12 months, as breast milk or formula provides the necessary nutrients.
B. Whole milk should not be introduced at 10 months.
C. Whole milk should not be introduced until after the first year of life (12 months), as it lacks the appropriate balance of nutrients for infants and may cause digestive issues or iron deficiency before then.
D. 8 months is too early for whole milk; breast milk or formula is still the best option until 12 months.
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