The control system in the body acts in many ways to maintain homeostasis. These homeostasis control systems regulate the function of the cell, integrate the function of different organ systems, and do what else?

A) Parkinson disease is characterized by an imbalance of dopamine and acetylcholine:
The decrease in dopamine results in an imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine. Normally, dopamine and acetylcholine work in a balanced manner to regulate motor control. As dopamine levels decrease in Parkinson's disease, acetylcholine's effects become more prominent, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement).

B) Parkinson disease involves increased dopamine production and decreased acetylcholine:
This statement is incorrect. In Parkinson's disease, there is actually a decrease in dopamine production, not an increase. The disease is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons, leading to the motor symptoms typical of Parkinsonism. The imbalance in Parkinson's disease is primarily one of decreased dopamine and relatively increased acetylcholine activity.

C) Alzheimer disease is caused by decreased amounts of dopamine and degeneration of cholinergic neurons:
While Alzheimer's disease does involve a degeneration of cholinergic neurons (specifically those that release acetylcholine), the primary pathology is related to the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles, not primarily a decrease in dopamine. Alzheimer's disease is primarily associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine, not dopamine, leading to cognitive impairments, rather than motor deficits.

D) Alzheimer disease involves a possible excess of acetylcholine and neuritic plaques:
This statement is incorrect. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a deficiency of acetylcholine, which plays a crucial role in memory and cognitive function. The hallmark pathologic features of Alzheimer's disease include the presence of neuritic plaques (formed from amyloid beta) and neurofibrillary tangles (composed of tau protein), not an excess of acetylcholine.

A) Feed cells under stress:
The primary function of the homeostasis control systems is not to directly "feed" cells under stress, but to regulate internal balance and ensure all systems are functioning optimally, particularly in response to changes in the environment or internal states. "Feeding" or providing nutrients is a broader metabolic process rather than a direct function of the homeostasis control systems.

B) Act on invading organisms:
While the immune system, which plays a role in defending the body against invading organisms, is a part of overall body regulation, homeostasis itself is more concerned with maintaining internal stability. The control systems of the body regulate physiological processes such as temperature, pH, and fluid balance rather than directly targeting external organisms like bacteria or viruses, which would fall under the immune response.

C) Control vital functions:
Homeostasis control systems are integral in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring stability for vital functions such as temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. These systems help adjust these functions in response to various internal and external stimuli to maintain optimal conditions for survival, making this the most accurate answer.

D) Shut down the body at death:
While the control systems ultimately cease to function at death, the purpose of homeostasis during life is to maintain the balance of bodily functions, not to cause the cessation of life. The homeostatic mechanisms are about maintaining life and health, preventing "shutdown" until the point of death.