The client's arterial blood gases reveal the following results: pH 7.51, PaO2 80 mmHg, PaCO2 28 mmHg, HCO3 24 mEq/L, O2 saturation 92%. The nurse interprets this blood gas result as:
Table 9.9 Normal Arterial Blood Gas Values
|
ABG Value |
Normal Range |
|
PH |
7.35-7.45 |
|
PaCO2 |
35-45 mm Hg |
|
HCO3- |
22-26 mEq/L |
|
Base excess |
-2 to +2 |
|
PaO2 |
80-95 mm Hg |
|
SaO2 |
>95% |
respiratory alkalosis.
metabolic alkalosis.
respiratory acidosis.
metabolic acidosis.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The elevated pH and decreased PaCO2 indicate that the respiratory system is causing alkalosis, typically due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing).
B. Metabolic alkalosis would be indicated by a high pH with a normal or high HCO3. Since the HCO3 level is normal and the PaCO2 is low, this does not fit the picture of metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis would be characterized by a low pH and an elevated PaCO2 due to inadequate ventilation and accumulation of carbon dioxide. Here, the pH is high, and the PaCO2 is low.
D. Metabolic acidosis would be indicated by a low pH with a low HCO3. In this case, the pH is high, and the HCO3 is normal.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots. While it may be prescribed for certain patients at risk for stroke, it is not typically the first-line medication for managing TIA or hyperlipidemia. It is more often used in patients with specific types of atrial fibrillation or mechanical heart valves.
B. Simethicone is an anti-foaming agent used to relieve gas and bloating. It does not have any role in managing hyperlipidemia or preventing strokes. Thus, this option is not relevant to the client's condition.
C. Simvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, including stroke. For a client with hyperlipidemia and a history of TIA, simvastatin would be an appropriate medication to help manage cholesterol and decrease the risk of future ischemic events.
D. Enoxaparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin used for anticoagulation, often in the context of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. It may not be the first choice for TIA management. While it has its uses in preventing clot formation, it is not the standard treatment for a patient who has had a TIA.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While applying heat may help alleviate discomfort, it is not the primary recommendation for managing epididymitis. The treatment often involves rest, elevation of the scrotum, and possibly cold packs rather than heat. Therefore, while this statement may reflect some understanding, it is not the best indicator of comprehensive knowledge about managing epididymitis.
B. While some mild cases may improve spontaneously, most cases of epididymitis require treatment, especially if they are caused by infections, which are common. Untreated epididymitis can lead to complications, so this statement does not reflect an accurate understanding of the condition.
C. If epididymitis is caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI), it is important that sexual partners be evaluated and treated as well to prevent reinfection. This indicates a proper understanding of the implications of the condition, particularly in the context of STIs.
D. It seems to reference concerns related to radiation therapy, which is unrelated to the management or understanding of epididymitis. This indicates a lack of focus on the current diagnosis and its implications.
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