RH has a history of COPD. The CNA checks his vital signs at the beginning of the shift and tells you that his pulse ox reading is 91%. What should the nurse advise the CAN does next:

Chart the reading at 91%, this is normal for a COPD patient.

Place a non-rebreather on the patient with high ﬂow oxygen.

Call the doctor if the patient is declining.

Sit the patient up and have them breathe deep.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Sitting the patient up and encouraging deep breathing can help improve oxygenation and increase the pulse oximetry reading. This is a non-invasive intervention that can be implemented immediately to help improve the patient’s oxygen levels.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis.

COPD is a chronic lung disease that can lead to an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the body. This can cause respiratory acidosis, a condition in which the blood pH is lower than normal due to an excess of CO2.

In respiratory acidosis, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the blood is increased and the pH is decreased. The kidneys atempt to compensate for the acidosis by excreting more acid in the urine and retaining more bicarbonate, but this compensation is usually not enough to fully correct the problem.

Metabolic alkalosis (option B) is a condition in which the blood pH is higher than normal due to an excess of bicarbonate in the blood. This is usually caused by loss of acid from the body, such as through vomiting or use of diuretics.

Respiratory alkalosis (option C) is a condition in which the blood pH is higher than normal due to a decrease in PaCO2. This can be caused by hyperventilation, which leads to excessive elimination of CO2 from the lungs.

Metabolic acidosis (option D) is a condition in which the blood pH is lower than normal due to an excess of acid in the blood. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including kidney failure or lactic acidosis.

A. homeostasis B. ﬂuid volume excess C. Low ﬂuid volume D. ﬂuid volume deficit

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Renal failure can cause a buildup of ﬂuid in the body. When kidneys lose their filtering ability, dangerous levels of wastes may accumulate, and your blood’s chemical makeup may get out of balance. This can lead to ﬂuid retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.

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RH has a history of COPD. The CNA checks his vital signs at the beginning of the shift and tells you that his pulse ox reading is 91%. What should the nurse advise the CAN does next:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which arterial blood gas data does the nurse anticipate finding in this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A dialysis unit nurse caring for a client with renal failure will expect the client to exhibit which ﬂuid imbalance?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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