Review the monitor tab and the Labs tab

Monitor

Labs

LAB	Result	Normal Range
Potassium	2.8 mEq/L	3.5-5.3mEq/L
Sodium	133 mEq/L	135-145 mEqL
Chloride	90 mEq/L	97-107 mEqL
Glucose	200 mg/dL	70mg/dL to 110mg/dL
Magnesium	2.5 mg/dL	1.6-2.2 mg/dL

Calcium

8.0 mg/dL

8.2-10.2 mg/dL:

The nurse observes the rhythm below for a client on the telemetry unit. Which laboratory value result would the nurse suspect contributed to the development of this dysrhythmia?

Sodium

Magnesium

Calcium

Potassium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Sodium is crucial for maintaining normal cellular function, especially for nerve impulses and muscle contractions. However, sodium imbalances typically affect the general function of the heart, and sodium abnormalities are not commonly associated with torsades de pointes, which is a type of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
B.   Magnesium plays a critical role in the electrical stability of the heart and helps regulate potassium and calcium channels, which are involved in the cardiac action potential. Hypomagnesemia (low magnesium) is a well-known risk factor for torsades de pointes, a specific type of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is associated with QT interval prolongation. In this case, the magnesium level is 2.5 mg/dL, which is above the normal range (1.6-2.2 mg/dL), suggesting hypermagnesemia.
C.   Calcium is vital for proper muscle function, including the heart muscle, and is essential for electrical conduction. Hypocalcemia (low calcium) can lead to QT interval prolongation, which in turn increases the risk for arrhythmias such as torsades de pointes. However, in this case, the calcium level is 8.0 mg/dL, which is only slightly below the normal range (8.2-10.2 mg/dL), making calcium a less likely primary contributor to torsades de pointes in this situation.
D.   Potassium plays a crucial role in regulating the resting membrane potential and action potentials in cardiac cells. Hypokalemia (low potassium) can lead to QT prolongation and increase the risk of arrhythmias, including torsades de pointes. However, in this case, the potassium level is 2.8 mEq/L, which is low (normal range: 3.5-5.3 mEq/L), and hypokalemia is more commonly associated with arrhythmias such as torsades de pointes than hyperkalemia (high potassium).

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Increased respiratory rate - Fluid overload can lead to pulmonary edema, which causes difficulty breathing and an increased respiratory rate.
B. Increased temperature - Fluid overload does not typically cause a temperature increase. A fever may indicate infection rather than fluid overload.
C. Increased heart rate - The body compensates for fluid overload by increasing the heart rate to maintain cardiac output.
D. Increased blood pressure - Fluid overload leads to increased blood volume, which results in elevated blood pressure.
E. Increase hematocrit - Hematocrit usually decreases with fluid overload, as it is diluted by the extra fluid volume.

A. “I probably will not have any transfusion reactions from my own blood." B. “This is the blood I've been giving for the past 6 weeks for myself. C. "I understand there is still a risk I can get hepatitis from this blood." D. "Since I have O negative blood, it's a good thing I'm getting my own blood."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. “I probably will not have any transfusion reactions from my own blood.” - Autologous transfusions
generally have a lower risk of transfusion reactions because they involve the client’s own blood.
B. “This is the blood I’ve been giving for the past 6 weeks for myself.” - This is a correct understanding of the process of autologous blood donation, where the client donates blood for their own use.
C. An autologous blood transfusion involves the collection and storage of a patient's own blood for later transfusion. This significantly reduces the risk of bloodborne infections, such as hepatitis, HIV, and other blood-borne diseases, as the blood is coming from the patient themselves.
D. “Since I have O negative blood, it’s a good thing I’m getting my own blood.” - The client may not need additional teaching here because O negative blood is universally compatible, but the reason they are getting their own blood is due to the autologous donation process, not because of blood type.

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			Male: 14- 17.3 g/dL
Hematocrit	26%	24%	Female: 36%-48% Male: 42%-52%
Platelets	35,000mm3	20,000mm3	150,000- 450,000mm3
RBC	4.5 mm3	3mm3	Female: 4.01-5.51 million/mm3 Male: 4.51-

Review the monitor tab and the Labs tab Monitor

Labs

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is to have an autologous transfusion of packed red blood cells. The nurse recognizes the client requires additional teaching when they state:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient whose blood type is A-. The nurse knows that this patient can receive the following blood types:(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The nurse has provided teaching to a client who had an implantable cardioverter/defibrillator inserted. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further instruction?

The nurse would assess the client diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) for which manifestation of the disorder?

A client presents to the Emergency Department (ED) complaining of a "racing" heart and nervousness. The client also admits to a history of cocaine abuse. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm below. Which nursing intervention should the nurse perform?

The nurse is caring for a client who has had a temporary transvenous pacemaker inserted. The cardiac monitor shows pacemaker spikes occurring at various points in the client's own beats such as on the T wave. What action is the nurse's priority?

The client with heart failure exhibits bibasilar crackles, dyspnea and a respiratory rate of 26/min. The physician prescribes furosemide 40 mg IV. Which parameter would the nurse use to best evaluate if the client is responding to this medication?

A patient is to receive a bolus of Heparin 20 units/kg. The patient weighs 121 Ibs. The medication is supplied as 25,000 units/250 mL. How many Ml will the nurse give? (round to the nearest whole number)

Review the monitor tab and the Labs tab

Monitor