Review the lab results in the chart tab
LAB
|
LAB |
Result |
Normal Range |
|
Potassium |
2.8 mEq/L |
3.5-5.3mEq/L |
|
Sodium |
133 mEq/L |
135-145 mEqL |
|
Chloride |
90 mEq/L |
97-107 mEqL |
|
Glucose |
200 mg/dL |
70mg/dL to 110mg/dL |
|
Magnesium |
2.5 mg/dL |
1.6-2.2 mg/dL |
|
Calcium |
8.0 mg/dL |
8.2-10.2 mg/dL: |
A client admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) and the cardiac monitor shows multifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVC's). Initial laboratory findings are as follows. The nurse recognizes that the client's PVC's are most likely caused by:
hypermagnesemia.
hypocalcemia.
hypokalemia,
hyperglycemia
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypermagnesemia can cause bradycardia and hypotension, but it is less commonly associated with PVCs. This does not align with the lab results provided.
B. Hypocalcemia can cause arrhythmias, but it is not the most likely cause of PVCs in this case, considering other findings.
C. Hypokalemia (low potassium) is a known cause of PVCs. The patient's potassium level is 2.8 mEq/L, which is significantly low and most likely contributing to the PVCs.
D. Although hyperglycemia can affect cardiac function, it is less commonly linked to PVCs compared to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dopamine at low doses primarily increases renal perfusion, which can lead to improved urine output. An increase in urine output is a key indicator that the medication is effectively improving kidney function and blood flow. This is the most direct way to assess its effectiveness.
B. A decrease in blood pressure is not an expected effect of low-dose dopamine, which should actually help improve perfusion and raise blood pressure.
C. An increase in heart rate is more likely with higher doses of dopamine and is not an optimal indicator of the drug's effectiveness for acute heart failure.
D. Client alertness is important but does not directly reflect the primary effects of dopamine on renal perfusion and cardiac output in acute heart failure.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Serum sodium level of 135 mEq/L (normal 135-145mEq/L) - Although important, sodium levels do not directly assess the effectiveness of furosemide in relieving fluid overload.
B. Respiratory rate of 16/minute - A decrease in respiratory rate following the administration of furosemide indicates that the client is improving, as furosemide works to reduce fluid overload and ease breathing.
C. Blood pressure reading of 120/80 - While blood pressure may be influenced by fluid status, it is not the best indicator for the effectiveness of diuretics in this case.
D. Urine output 120 mL one hour following administration - While urine output is important, a single hour’s output may not show the full effectiveness of the diuretic, and output can vary depending on the client’s hydration status.
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