Review H and P and nurses’ notes.
Click to highlight which assessment findings should the nurse attend to right away?
Admitted client. Vital signs: heart rate 128 beats/minute, rhythm sinus tachycardia, respiratory rate 14 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation 100% on 40% fraction of inspired oxygen, temperature 96.9° F (36.1° C), blood pressure 90/79 mm Hg. Pulse pressure calculated to be less than 40 mm Hg. The client's surgical dressing is clean and dry. Ecchymosis noted on the abdomen around the dressing. The client has a peripheral intravenous line in the right forearm and one in the left hand. The client also has a right subclavian central venous catheter that is infusing propofol and intravenous fluids.
heart rate 128 beats/minute
rhythm sinus tachycardia
respiratory rate 14 breaths/minute
oxygen saturation 100% on 40% fraction of inspired oxygen
temperature 96.9° F (36.1° C)
blood pressure 90/79 mm Hg
surgical dressing is clean and dry
Ecchymosis noted on the abdomen around the dressing
The Correct Answer is ["A","B","E","F","H"]
Heart Rate: 128 beats/min (Sinus Tachycardia): Sinus tachycardia can be a compensatory response to hypovolemia, internal bleeding, or pain. Given the liver and spleen lacerations identified on the CT scan and blood in the peritoneum, tachycardia may indicate ongoing hemorrhage or hypoperfusion.
Blood Pressure: 90/79 mmHg (Narrow Pulse Pressure): A pulse pressure of less than 40 mmHg suggests inadequate perfusion and possible hemorrhagic shock. The systolic blood pressure (90 mmHg) is at the lower limit of normal, but the diastolic pressure (79 mmHg) is elevated, which can indicate compensatory vasoconstriction due to hypovolemia. Immediate fluid resuscitation or blood transfusion may be required to prevent worsening shock.
Temperature: 96.9°F (36.1°C): Trauma clients, especially those with hemorrhage, are at risk for trauma triad of death (hypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy) due to massive fluid shifts and blood loss. Even mild hypothermia can impair coagulation and worsen bleeding, requiring active warming measures (e.g., warm IV fluids, heated blankets).
Abdominal Ecchymosis and Hematoma: Significant bruising around the surgical dressing suggests ongoing internal bleeding or vascular injury.
Close monitoring is needed to assess for expanding hematoma, increased abdominal distension, or hemodynamic instability.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
A. Diphenhydramine is unnecessary for diagnosing pyelonephritis.
B. Urine culture confirms bacterial infection and guides antibiotic therapy.
C. Forcing fluids may help but is not the priority over antibiotics and cultures.
D. Broad-spectrum IV antibiotics are critical to treat systemic infection.
E. Hemoglobin and hematocrit are not priority tests for pyelonephritis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Assessing pain control is important but is not the priority in determining medication substitution safety.
B. Gastric pain is a concern due to the gastrointestinal effects of ibuprofen, but understanding the indication for aspirin is more urgent.
C. Determining why the client was prescribed aspirin is crucial because aspirin is often used for cardiovascular protection, such as preventing myocardial infarctions or strokes. If the client was taking aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention, stopping it could pose serious risks.
D. Ibuprofen dosage is relevant, but identifying the primary reason for aspirin use takes precedence.
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