Patient Data

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is []

• Nephrotic syndrome: The child’s rapid weight gain over two months, generalized edema, fatigue with minimal activity, and laboratory findings showing significant proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and mild hematuria strongly suggest nephrotic syndrome, which involves increased glomerular permeability and fluid retention.

• Administering intravenous albumin increases plasma oncotic pressure, helping to pull interstitial fluid back into the intravascular space, thereby reducing edema, improving circulatory volume, and supporting perfusion in a child with hypoalbuminemia.

• Provide a low-salt diet: Implementing a low-sodium diet is essential to help manage fluid retention associated with nephrotic syndrome, as excessive sodium intake worsens edema and may contribute to hypertension and further fluid overload.

• Daily weight: Monitoring daily weight provides a sensitive measure of fluid status and the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, as even small changes in weight can reflect shifts in edema or fluid accumulation.

• Abdominal girth: Measuring abdominal girth regularly allows the nurse to track ascites and fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity, which is a common complication of nephrotic syndrome and can indicate worsening disease or inadequate response to therapy.

Rationale for Incorrect Choices:

• Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes typically presents with hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss, none of which are observed in this child. The presence of edema and proteinuria is not consistent with diabetes.

• Hemolytic uremic syndrome: HUS is characterized by acute kidney injury, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. This child does not exhibit hemolysis, platelet abnormalities, or acute renal failure, making HUS unlikely.

• Wilms' tumor: Wilms’ tumor usually presents as a palpable abdominal mass, sometimes with hematuria, but it does not cause generalized edema, proteinuria, or hypoalbuminemia, which are prominent in this child.

• Place the child on strict bed rest: Strict bed rest is unnecessary unless the child’s symptoms are severe. Children with nephrotic syndrome can maintain normal activity levels while under medical monitoring.

• Prepare the child for emergency surgery: Nephrotic syndrome is a medical condition requiring pharmacologic and dietary management, not surgical intervention; surgery is not indicated in this scenario.

• Prepare an insulin drip: There is no evidence of hyperglycemia, ketosis, or diabetes in this child, so initiating an insulin drip would be inappropriate and unrelated to the presenting condition.

• Lymph node size: Lymphadenopathy is not a feature of nephrotic syndrome, and changes in lymph node size would not provide useful information for monitoring this child’s condition or treatment response.

• Ketones: Ketone monitoring is relevant for patients with diabetes or fasting states but is not necessary in nephrotic syndrome, as ketonuria is not a feature of this disease.

• Bladder volume: Bladder monitoring is not required because there is no evidence of urinary obstruction or retention; fluid balance is better assessed by weight and urine output rather than bladder volume.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E","H"]

Explanation

A. Apply warm blankets: Warm blankets are a safe, noninvasive method to prevent further heat loss and support gradual rewarming in a client with hypothermia. They help increase comfort and core temperature.

B. Administer an antipyretic: Antipyretics lower fever caused by infection or inflammation. This client has hypothermia, not hyperthermia, so this action would worsen the condition rather than improve it.

C. Place ice packs around the client's head: Ice packs are used for hyperthermia management, not hypothermia. Applying them would further reduce core body temperature and increase the risk of complications.

D. Check the temperature of the humidified oxygen attached to the ventilator: Ensuring the oxygen is warmed and humidified prevents further heat loss through the respiratory tract, which is critical for a hypothermic intubated client.

E. Instill warm fluids in the nasogastric tube: Warmed enteral fluids can help gently increase core body temperature when administered via an NG tube, especially in prolonged hypothermia management.

F. Microwave a pack of gauze and distribute across the body: This method is unsafe because microwaving medical supplies is not a controlled or standardized rewarming method, posing a risk of burns or uneven heating.

G. Administer intravenous fluids with a rapid infuser: A rapid infuser increases infusion speed, not temperature. If fluids are not warmed, this may worsen hypothermia.

H. Use a fluid warmer for intravenous fluids: Actively warming IV fluids before administration is a safe and effective method to prevent further heat loss and correct hypothermia in critically ill clients.

A. Polydipsia and polyuria. B. Elevated blood urea nitrogen. C. Dry and irritated skin. D. New onset of bradycardia.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Polydipsia and polyuria: These symptoms are more commonly associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus rather than hypertension. They are not direct complications of elevated blood pressure.

B. Elevated blood urea nitrogen: Hypertension can damage renal blood vessels, leading to impaired kidney function and elevated BUN levels. This is a significant complication that indicates progressive end-organ damage.

C. Dry and irritated skin: This is a nonspecific symptom that may result from dermatologic conditions, dehydration, or environmental factors. It is not typically associated with hypertension complications.

D. New onset of bradycardia: Bradycardia is not a usual complication of hypertension itself, though it may occur as a side effect of certain antihypertensive medications such as beta-blockers. It is not a primary complication to anticipate.

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Patient Data Exhibits Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Exhibits The nurse is concerned about the client's temperature. Which intervention(s) can the nurse use to address the client's temperature? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E","H"]

Explanation

Which finding should the nurse recognize as a potential complication in a client with hypertension?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse plans to collect a 24 hour urine specimen for a creatinine clearance test. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the adult male client?

A client who is receiving zidovudine reports the appearance of pinpoint, red, round spots on the skin. Which result should the nurse report to the healthcare provider (HCР)?

A client with heart failure is admitted to the medical surgical unit with pneumonia. To reduce cardiac workload, which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

A client admitted with a diagnosis of appendicitis calls the nurse and states, "Do you think I'll still need surgery? My pain suddenly stopped, and I feel much more comfortable now when I bend my knees." Which action should the nurse take?

Patient Data Exhibits The nurse is anticipating which additional medications the healthcare provider may prescribe for the client to manage side effects while on morphine sulfate. Select the 3 medications that would be most appropriate to manage the side effects of morphine sulfate.

After receiving a change of shift report for clients on a medical surgical unit, which task should the nurse assign to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

The caregiver of a toddler is concerned about the frequency of ear infections and states, "The pediatrician said my child's ear tubes are small and short. What can I do about this?" Which action should the nurse take?

The nurse is performing a functional assessment of an older adult to determine safety in the home. Which musculoskeletal assessment is most important for the nurse to include?

Patient Data

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.