A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) via mechanical ventilation. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of PEEP?

Hypoxemia

Tension pneumothorax.

Malignant hypertension

Atelectasis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hypoxemia is a condition of low oxygen levels in the blood. PEEP can actually improve oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse and increasing functional residual capacity.

B. Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition of air accumulation in the pleural space that causes increased intrathoracic pressure and compresses the lungs, heart, and great vessels. PEEP can increase the risk of tension pneumothorax by creating excessive positive pressure in the airways and alveoli.

C. Malignant hypertension is a severe form of high blood pressure that can cause organ damage and stroke. PEEP can cause a transient increase in blood pressure due to increased intrathoracic pressure, but it does not cause malignant hypertension.

D. Atelectasis is a condition of partial or complete lung collapse due to alveolar collapse or obstruction. PEEP can prevent or treat atelectasis by maintaining positive pressure in the airways and alveoli.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

- A. Heart rate 136/min is a normal finding for a newborn. The normal range of heart rate for a newborn is 100 to 160/min.

- B. Nasal flaring is an abnormal finding for a newborn. Nasal flaring indicates respiratory distress and may be caused by conditions such as pneumonia, meconium aspiration, or congenital heart defects.

- C. Transient strabismus is a normal finding for a newborn. Transient strabismus is a temporary misalignment of the eyes that occurs due to weak eye muscles and poor coordination. It usually resolves by 3 to 6 months of age.

- D. Overlapping of sutures is a normal finding for a newborn. Overlapping of sutures is caused by molding of the skull during delivery and allows the head to fit through the birth canal. It usually resolves within a few days after birth.

A. "You will be standing with your feet 1 foot apart." B. "You will place and hold your hands on your hips." C. "I will be standing across the room from you to evaluate your sense of balance." D. "I will be checking you once with your eyes open and once with them closed."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A is incorrect because the client should stand with their feet together, not 1 foot apart, for the Romberg test.

B is incorrect because the client should hold their arms at their sides, not on their hips, for the Romberg test.

C is incorrect because the nurse should stand close to the client, not across the room, to prevent injury in case of a fall.

D is correct because the Romberg test involves checking the client's balance with their eyes open and then with their eyes closed.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) via mechanical ventilation. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of PEEP?

Nursing Test Bank

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