A nurse is admitting a client to the medical-surgical unit.
The Patient Self-Determination Act requires the nurse to perform which of the following actions during the admission process?

Provide end-of-life education if the client has a terminal illness.

Document in the client's medical record if the client has advance directives.

Provide the client with a list of eligible individuals who can serve as a health care proxy.

Ensure the client has an attorney to contact for assistance with end-of-life documents.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

While providing end-of-life education is important, it is not a specific requirement under the Patient Self-Determination Act. The act primarily focuses on ensuring that patients' wishes regarding medical treatment and interventions are respected through advance directives.

Choice B rationale:

Documenting in the client's medical record if the client has advance directives is a requirement under the Patient Self-Determination Act. This documentation ensures that healthcare providers are aware of the patient's preferences regarding medical treatment, especially in end-of-life situations. Advance directives may include living wills or durable power of attorney for healthcare, allowing patients to express their choices regarding medical interventions and appointing someone to make decisions on their behalf if they are unable to do so.

Choice C rationale:

Providing the client with a list of eligible individuals who can serve as a health care proxy is not a requirement under the Patient Self-Determination Act. While it can be helpful, the act primarily emphasizes documenting and respecting the patient's existing advance directives.

Choice D rationale:

Ensuring the client has an attorney for assistance with end-of-life documents is not a requirement under the Patient Self-Determination Act. While legal advice can be beneficial, the act primarily focuses on healthcare providers' responsibilities in documenting and respecting patients' advance directives.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Placing the client on airborne precautions for measles is the appropriate action. Measles is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets. Airborne precautions, including wearing a mask, are essential to prevent the transmission of the virus to others. This action is in line with infection control protocols and ensures the safety of both healthcare providers and other patients.

Choice B rationale:

Having the client wear a mask for transport to radiology is a necessary precaution to prevent the spread of measles to others in the healthcare facility. It helps contain respiratory droplets and reduces the risk of transmission. This action aligns with infection control guidelines and is appropriate in this context.

Choice C rationale:

Wearing an N95 respirator when caring for a client with measles is necessary to protect healthcare providers from inhaling infectious particles. Measles is highly contagious, and airborne precautions, including the use of appropriate respiratory protection, are crucial. This action demonstrates the nurse's understanding of infection control measures.

Choice D rationale:

Ensuring the client's room maintains a positive airflow is wrong in anairborne infection isolation room. Negativeairflow helps prevent the contaminated air from flowing out of the room and spreading the infection to other areas of the healthcare facility. This action is consistent with the recommended infection control practices for airborne diseases.

A. Hypoxemia B. Tension pneumothorax. C. Malignant hypertension D. Atelectasis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypoxemia is a condition of low oxygen levels in the blood. PEEP can actually improve oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse and increasing functional residual capacity.

B. Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition of air accumulation in the pleural space that causes increased intrathoracic pressure and compresses the lungs, heart, and great vessels. PEEP can increase the risk of tension pneumothorax by creating excessive positive pressure in the airways and alveoli.

C. Malignant hypertension is a severe form of high blood pressure that can cause organ damage and stroke. PEEP can cause a transient increase in blood pressure due to increased intrathoracic pressure, but it does not cause malignant hypertension.

D. Atelectasis is a condition of partial or complete lung collapse due to alveolar collapse or obstruction. PEEP can prevent or treat atelectasis by maintaining positive pressure in the airways and alveoli.

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A nurse is admitting a client to the medical-surgical unit.The Patient Self-Determination Act requires the nurse to perform which of the following actions during the admission process?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is admitting a client to the medical-surgical unit.
The Patient Self-Determination Act requires the nurse to perform which of the following actions during the admission process?