The nurse is educating a client about essential hypertension prevention. Which information should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply)
Alcohol consumption will not produce vascular changes.
Weight management is promoted by taking daily walks for thirty minutes.
Salt substitutes can help with maintaining a healthy diet.
Blood pressure readings should be taken at noontime.
Sodium intake can be regulated by rinsing canned foods in water.
Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to renal damage.
Correct Answer : B,C,E,F
Choice B reason: weight management is an important factor in preventing and controlling hypertension. Taking daily walks for thirty minutes can help reduce weight and lower blood pressure.
Choice C reason: salt substitutes can help with maintaining a healthy diet by reducing sodium intake. Sodium intake is associated with increased blood pressure and should be limited to less than 2,300 mg per day.
Choice E reason: sodium intake can be regulated by rinsing canned foods in water. Canned foods often contain high amounts of sodium as a preservative and rinsing them can remove some of the excess sodium.
Choice F reason: uncontrolled hypertension can lead to renal damage. Hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels and impair the function of the kidneys, leading to chronic kidney disease or failure.
Choice A reason: alcohol consumption can produce vascular changes that increase blood pressure. Alcohol intake should be limited to no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men.
Choice D reason: blood pressure readings should not be taken at noontime. Blood pressure readings should be taken at the same time each day, preferably in the morning before breakfast or in the evening before dinner.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: 18%. This is not the correct percentage, as it only accounts for one lower extremity. According to the rule of nines, each lower extremity accounts for 9% of body surface area on both anterior and posterior sides, so both lower extremities would account for 18% x 2 = 36%.
Choice B reason: 27%. This is not the correct percentage, as it only accounts for one and a half lower extremities. According to the rule of nines, each lower extremity accounts for 9% of body surface area on both anterior and posterior sides, so one and a half lower extremities would account for 9% x 3 = 27%.
Choice C reason: 36%. This is the correct percentage, as it accounts for both lower extremities. According to the rule of nines, each lower extremity accounts for 9% of body surface area on both anterior and posterior sides, so both lower extremities would account for 9% x 4 = 36%.
Choice D reason: 45%. This is not the correct percentage, as it accounts for more than both lower extremities. According to the rule of nines, each lower extremity accounts for 9% of body surface area on both anterior and posterior sides, so more than both lower extremities would account for more than 9% x 4 = 36%.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice C reason: serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus are electrolytes that can be affected by ESRD. ESRD is a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood. This can cause electrolyte imbalances that can lead to serious complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone disorders, or metabolic acidosis. The nurse should closely monitor these electrolytes and report any abnormal values.
Choice A reason: blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature are vital signs that are not specific to ESRD. Vital signs can be influenced by many factors and may not reflect the severity of kidney damage. The nurse should monitor vital signs regularly, but not as closely as electrolytes.
Choice B reason: leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine are not laboratory results that are directly related to ESRD. Leukocytes and neutrophils are types of white blood cells that are involved in immune response and inflammation. Thyroxine is a hormone that regulates metabolism and growth. These laboratory results may be altered by other conditions or medications, but not by ESRD.
Choice D reason: erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit are laboratory results that measure the red blood cell count and oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. These laboratory results may be decreased in ESRD due to anemia, which is a common complication of chronic kidney disease. However, anemia is not as life-threatening as electrolyte imbalances and can be treated with erythropoietin injections or iron supplements.
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