A nurse is monitoring the urinary output of a client who had a colon resection. Which 24-hour output total indicates oliguria?
380 mL
550 mL
600 mL
720 mL
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
A 24-hour urinary output of 380 mL indicates oliguria. Oliguria is defined as a urine output of less than 400-500 mL per day in adults. This condition can be caused by various factors, including dehydration, kidney dysfunction, or postoperative complications. Monitoring urine output is crucial for assessing kidney function and overall fluid balance, especially after major surgeries like a colon resection.
Choice B Reason:
A 24-hour urinary output of 550 mL is slightly above the threshold for oliguria. While it is still relatively low, it does not meet the strict criteria for oliguria, which is typically defined as less than 400-500 mL per day. This output suggests that the client is producing an adequate amount of urine, though it may still warrant close monitoring to ensure it does not decrease further.
Choice C Reason:
A 24-hour urinary output of 600 mL is within the normal range and does not indicate oliguria. Normal urine output for adults is generally considered to be around 800-2000 mL per day, depending on fluid intake and other factors. This output suggests that the client’s kidneys are functioning properly and that there is no immediate concern for oliguria.
Choice D Reason:
A 24-hour urinary output of 720 mL is also within the normal range and does not indicate oliguria. This output is closer to the lower end of the normal range but still suggests adequate kidney function. It is important to continue monitoring the client’s urine output to ensure it remains within a healthy range, especially after surgery.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are typically caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract. While strict bed rest can increase the risk of UTIs due to factors like catheter use and reduced mobility, the use of an incentive spirometer does not directly prevent UTIs. Instead, preventing UTIs involves maintaining good hygiene, ensuring adequate fluid intake, and, if necessary, using catheters properly.
Choice B Reason:
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where blood clots form in the deep veins, usually in the legs. This can occur due to prolonged immobility, such as strict bed rest after surgery. Preventing DVT involves measures like using compression stockings, administering anticoagulant medications, and encouraging leg exercises. An incentive spirometer, which is used to improve lung function, does not directly prevent DVT.
Choice C Reason:
Constipation is a common issue for patients on bed rest due to reduced physical activity and changes in diet. Preventing constipation involves ensuring adequate hydration, providing a high-fiber diet, and encouraging as much physical activity as possible. The use of an incentive spirometer, which focuses on respiratory function, does not directly address constipation.
Choice D Reason:
Atelectasis is a condition where the alveoli in the lungs collapse, leading to reduced or absent breath sounds in the affected areas. This is a common postoperative complication, especially in patients on strict bed rest, due to shallow breathing and reduced lung expansion. The use of an incentive spirometer encourages deep breathing and helps to keep the alveoli open, thereby preventing atelectasis. This is why the incentive spirometer is an essential tool for postoperative respiratory care.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Mobilizes secretions is correct. Expectorants work by thinning and loosening the mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and expel. This helps clear the respiratory tract of mucus and other secretions, making the cough more productive.
Choice B Reason:
Suppresses the urge to cough is incorrect. This describes the action of antitussives, not expectorants. Antitussives work by suppressing the cough reflex, which is different from the mechanism of expectorants.
Choice C Reason:
Reduces inflammation is incorrect. While reducing inflammation can help with respiratory symptoms, it is not the primary mechanism of action for expectorants. Anti-inflammatory medications are used to reduce inflammation.
Choice D Reason:
Dries mucous membranes is incorrect. Drying mucous membranes is typically the action of antihistamines, not expectorants. Expectorants aim to increase the moisture in mucus to make it less sticky and easier to expel.
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