Metabolic changes throughout pregnancy that affect glucose and insulin in the mother and the fetus are complicated but its important to understand. Nurses should understand that:
Select one:
Second and third trimesters insulin needs increase because the placenta is fully developed.
Women with insulin-dependent diabetes are prone to hyperglycemia at all times during the first trimester because they are consuming more simple sugar.
Maternal insulin requirements are never modified during pregnancies.
Insulin crosses the placenta to the fetus only in the first trimester, after which the fetus secretes its own.
The Correct Answer is A
a. As the placenta grows and becomes more metabolically active, it produces hormones that increase insulin resistance, leading to an increased need for insulin.
b. Women with insulin-dependent diabetes may be prone to hyperglycemia during pregnancy, but it is not due to consuming more simple sugar.
c. Maternal insulin requirements often increase during pregnancy due to increased insulin resistance.
d. Insulin crosses the placenta throughout pregnancy, and the fetus does not secrete its own insulin until after birth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Maternal hypotension is not a common side effect of terbutaline, which is a beta-adrenergic agonist that can cause tachycardia and hypertension.
b. Pulmonary edema is a serious complication of terbutaline therapy, which can cause fluid overload, dyspnea, chest pain, and crackles in the lungs. The nurse should monitor the woman's vital signs, oxygen saturation, urine output, and lung sounds, and report any signs of pulmonary edema to the physician immediately.
c. Fetal bradycardia is not related to terbutaline, which can cause fetal tachycardia.
d. Fetal hypokalemia is also not associated with terbutaline, which can cause maternal hypokalemia due to increased potassium uptake by the cells.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. A scalp electrode is not indicated unless there is a problem with the external monitor tracing or if further assessment of the fetal heart rate variability is needed.
b. This is important but repositioning the patient is the priority.
c. Amnioinfusion is only done if repositioning the patient does not resolve the late decelerations.
d. The nurse is observing late decelerations of the fetal heart rate, which indicate uteroplacental insufficiency and fetal hypoxia. The nurse's first priority is to reposition the patient to improve placental blood flow and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Repositioning can be done by turning the patient to her side, elevating her legs, or placing a wedge under her hip.
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