The priority nursing intervention when admitting a pregnant woman who has experienced a bleeding episode in late pregnancy is:

Choice A: This is incorrect because Standard Precautions are a set of guidelines that apply to all patients, regardless of their infection status. They include using personal protective equipment, handling sharps and waste properly, and cleaning and disinfecting equipment and surfaces. However, they are not enough to prevent neonatal infection, as some pathogens can still be transmitted by contact or droplet.

Choice B: This is the correct answer because good hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of microorganisms that can cause neonatal infection. The nurse should wash their hands with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand rub before and after touching the infant, the infant's environment, or any items that come in contact with the infant. The nurse should also educate the parents and visitors on the importance of hand hygiene and how to perform it correctly.

Choice C: This is incorrect because a separate gown technique involves wearing a clean gown for each infant and discarding it after use. This can help prevent cross-contamination between infants, but it does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene. The nurse should still wash their hands before and after wearing a gown, as well as before and after touching the infant or any items that come in contact with the infant.

Choice D: This is incorrect because isolation of infected infants involves placing them in a separate room or area with restricted access and using additional precautions based on the mode of transmission of the infection. This can help prevent the spread of infection to other infants, staff, or visitors, but it does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene. The nurse should still wash their hands before and after entering and leaving the isolation area, as well as before and after touching the infant or any items that come in contact with the infant.

Choice a) This could result in profound bleeding is correct because this is the primary reason why an internal examination should be avoided for a client who has placenta previa. Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the cervix, preventing normal delivery. An internal examination involves inserting a gloved finger or a speculum into the vagina and cervix to assess their dilation, effacement, position, and station. This can cause trauma to the cervix or the placenta, which can trigger severe hemorrhage and endanger the mother and the fetus. Therefore, this explanation is accurate and appropriate.

Choice b) This could initiate preterm labor is incorrect because this is not the main reason why an internal examination should be avoided for a client who has placenta previa. Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the cervix, preventing normal delivery. An internal examination may stimulate uterine contractions, which can lead to preterm labor and delivery. However, this is not the most serious or likely complication of an internal examination for a client who has placenta previa, as the bleeding risk is much higher and more urgent. Therefore, this explanation is incomplete and misleading.

Choice c) There is an increased risk of introducing infection is incorrect because this is not a specific reason why an internal examination should be avoided for a client who has placenta previa. Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the cervix, preventing normal delivery. An internal examination may introduce bacteria or other microorganisms into the vagina or cervix, which can cause infection and inflammation. However, this is a general risk that applies to any pregnant woman who undergoes an internal examination, not just those who have placenta previa. Therefore, this explanation is irrelevant and inaccurate.

Choice d) There is an increased risk of rupture of the membranes is incorrect because this is not a relevant reason why an internal examination should be avoided for a client who has placenta previa. Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the cervix, preventing normal delivery. An internal examination may cause rupture of the membranes, which are the sacs that contain the amniotic fluid and the fetus. However, this is not a significant or common complication of an internal examination for a client who has placenta previa, as the membranes are usually located above or away from the placenta and cervix. Therefore, this explanation is improbable and inaccurate.