MA is a 85 year old female who is admited to the hospital with Pneumonia. Education has begun on proper breathing techniques to expand lung volume as much as possible and allow for proper oxygen blood exchange within the alveoli. Which device will help her achieve this as educated by the nurse?

4L of oxygen via Nasal Cannula

Fluter Valve

Incentive Spirometer

Abdominal Binder

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

An Incentive Spirometer is a device that helps patients take deep breaths and improve their lung function. It encourages patients to take deep breaths and to hold them for a few seconds. The device also helps to monitor and measure lung volume. By using an incentive spirometer, MA can expand her lung volume as much as possible and allow for proper oxygen blood exchange within the alveoli. This is an important technique to help prevent pneumonia and other respiratory complications.

The other options mentioned, 4L of oxygen via Nasal Cannula, Fluter Valve, and Abdominal Binder, are not appropriate devices to help MA achieve proper breathing techniques and expand lung volume. 4L of oxygen via Nasal Cannula is used to provide supplemental oxygen to patients who have difficulty breathing. Fluter Valve is a handheld device used for airway clearance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cystic fibrosis. An abdominal binder is a wrap that is placed around the abdomen to support the abdominal muscles and help reduce pain after surgery or injury. These devices do not help improve lung function and are not appropriate for MA's condition.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The use of an incentive spirometer is essential after surgery to prevent complications such as pneumonia and atelectasis. Atelectasis is the collapse of air sacs in the lungs, which can occur after surgery due to decreased respiratory eﬀort and shallow breathing. An incentive spirometer helps the patient take deep breaths and increase their lung volume, preventing these complications.

Breathing rapidly to prevent pneumonia (option b) is not recommended as it can lead to hyperventilation and other respiratory complications.

Option c is incorrect because patient education is a crucial aspect of post-operative care, and the patient needs to be aware of the potential complications and how to prevent them.

The use of a chest tube (option d) is not usually required after hip surgery, and it is not a priority teaching for the patient.

A. Rales B. Crackles C. Rhonchi D. Stridor

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Crackles, also known as rales, are discontinuous sounds that are typically heard during inspiration in patients with heart failure. These sounds are produced by the sudden opening of small airways and alveoli that are filled with ﬂuid or collapsed due to pulmonary congestion. The sound can be described as similar to the sound of rubbing hair between fingers or the sound of Velcro being pulled apart.

Rhonchi are continuous, low-pitched sounds that are typically heard during expiration and are caused by the movement of air through narrowed airways, such as in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Stridor is a high-pitched, continuous sound that is typically heard during inspiration and indicates upper airway obstruction, which can be life-threatening. Neither rhonchi nor stridor are typically heard in patients with heart failure.

Therefore, based on the patient's history and symptoms, the most likely type of breathing sound to be heard on auscultation is crackles/rales.

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MA is a 85 year old female who is admited to the hospital with Pneumonia. Education has begun on proper breathing techniques to expand lung volume as much as possible and allow for proper oxygen blood exchange within the alveoli. Which device will help her achieve this as educated by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who recently had surgery on her left hip. What should be the priority teaching for the patient after surgery to prevent complications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient presents to the Emergency Room with swollen legs and shortness of breath. He tells you that he has a history of heart failure which causes the ﬂuid to build up m his legs and lungs. When you listen to his lung sounds you are most likely to hear which type of breathing sounds?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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