Exhibits
Review H and P, nurse's notes, laboratory results, flow sheet, and orders. Drag from Word Choices to complete the sentence.
The client receiving epidural anesthesia would be at risk for developingdue to
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A"}
Epidural anesthesia, commonly used for pain relief during labor, works by blocking nerve impulses in the lower part of the spine, leading to a decrease in sensation and pain in that area. However, this blockade also affects the sympathetic nerves, which are responsible for regulating blood pressure. When these nerves are blocked, they can cause peripheral vasodilation, which is the widening of the blood vessels in the periphery of the body.
Peripheral vasodilation leads to a decrease in vascular resistance, which can significantly lower blood pressure. This drop in blood pressure, known as hypotension, is a common side effect of epidural anesthesia. Hypotension can reduce the blood flow to vital organs, including the placenta, which may affect fetal oxygenation if not promptly and effectively managed. This necessitates careful monitoring and management, typically involving fluid administration and sometimes the use of medications to maintain stable blood pressure during the administration of epidural anesthesia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. This intervention is likely to be ordered due to the patient's fever and elevated heart rate, which may suggest dehydration or the need for increased fluid intake to support hemodynamic stability and mitigate the effects of fever and potential dehydration from fever and nausea.
B. Given the diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia, the patient will likely be on or start antibiotics specific to this infection, such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Monitoring for adverse reactions is crucial, especially in a newly diagnosed HIV-positive patient who might be starting multiple new medications.
C. While it is important to monitor CD4 counts in HIV-positive patients to guide treatment decisions, repeating the CD4 count immediately might not be prioritized unless there are specific clinical changes that suggest a rapid decline in immune function. Given the recent test results showing a CD4 count of 443 cells/mm^3, immediate retesting might not be clinically justified unless guided by other symptoms or considerations not detailed here.
D. Pneumocystis pneumonia does not require airborne isolation as it is not typically contagious between people under normal circumstances. Instead, it arises as an opportunistic infection in individuals with weakened immune systems. Hence, this order would not be appropriate unless there were other infections suspected that require such precautions.
E. The patient reports severe nausea, which not only is distressing but can also prevent the patient from taking oral medications and maintain necessary nutrition. Administering an antiemetic can help manage this symptom effectively.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While chewing food well is important to aid digestion and prevent discomfort, meal timing and portion control are the primary concerns in gastric bypass patients.
B. Sipping fluids slowly is important, but fluids should generally be taken between meals rather than with meals to prevent stretching the stomach pouch and to avoid dumping syndrome.
C. Reducing fatty and gas-forming foods can help avoid discomfort, but this is less critical than ensuring proper food breakdown through thorough chewing.
D. After gastric bypass surgery, small, frequent meals help prevent dumping syndrome, a condition in which food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, causing nausea, dizziness, and diarrhea. Portion control is essential to avoid overstretching the reduced stomach pouch and ensure adequate nutrient absorption.
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