What are possible complications of prematurity in babies? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.).
Cerebral palsy
Color blindness
Learning disabilities
Retinopathy
Apnea
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
Choice A reason:
Cerebral palsy is a disorder that affects movement, posture, and muscle tone. It can be caused by brain damage that occurs before, during, or after birth. Premature babies are at a higher risk of developing cerebral palsy because they are more likely to have bleeding in the brain, lack of oxygen to the brain, infections or other complications that can damage the brain.
Choice B reason:
Color blindness is a condition that affects the ability to see colors or differences in colors. It is usually inherited and not related to prematurity. However, some premature babies may develop retinopathy of prematurity, which can affect their vision in other ways.
Choice C reason:
Learning disabilities are problems that affect the ability to learn, read, write, speak or do math. They can be caused by genetic factors, environmental factors or brain injuries.
Premature babies are more likely to have learning disabilities because they are more likely to have brain damage, low birth weight, infections or other complications that can affect their brain development.
Choice D reason:
Retinopathy is a disease that affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye. Retinopathy of prematurity is a condition that occurs when the blood vessels in the retina grow abnormally in premature babies. This can cause bleeding, scarring or detachment of the retina, which can lead to vision loss or blindness.
Choice E reason:
Apnea is a condition that causes pauses in breathing during sleep. Apnea of prematurity is a condition that affects premature babies who have not fully developed their nervous system and respiratory system. This can cause them to stop breathing for more than 20 seconds at a time, which can lower their oxygen levels and heart rate.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
This is incorrect because TTN usually resolves within 24 to 72 hours of birth and does not require a long stay in the NICU.
Choice B reason:
This is correct because TTN is more common in babies born by cesarean section without labor, as they do not have the hormonal changes that help clear the fetal lung fluid.
Choice C reason:
This is incorrect because breastfeeding is not contraindicated in babies with TTN, unless they have severe respiratory distress or need continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support.
Choice D reason:
This is incorrect because TTN does not cause chronic lung disease or require oxygen therapy at home. Most babies with TTN only need supplemental oxygen for a few days until their breathing improves.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
FAS is caused by alcohol, and NAS is caused by opioids. This is the correct answer because FAS stands for fetal alcohol syndrome, which is a group of physical and mental defects that can occur in a baby when a woman drinks alcohol during pregnancy. NAS stands for neonatal abstinence syndrome, which is a group of problems that can happen when a baby is exposed to opioid drugs for a length of time while in their mother's womb.
Choice B reason:
FAS and NAS are both incurable. This is incorrect because FAS and NAS have different outcomes. FAS is incurable because the effects of alcohol on the developing brain and body are permanent. NAS, however, can be treated with medication and supportive care to help the baby cope with withdrawal symptoms and prevent complications.
Choice C reason:
FAS and NAS are both curable. This is incorrect because FAS is not curable, as explained above. NAS can be treated, but not cured, because some babies may have long-term problems such as developmental delays, behavioral issues, or learning difficulties.
Choice D reason:
FAS is caused by analgesics and NAS is caused by NSAIDs. This is incorrect because FAS is caused by alcohol, not analgesics, which are painkillers. NAS is caused by opioids, not NSAIDs, which are anti-inflammatory drugs. Analgesics and NSAIDs do not cause the same type of damage to the fetus or the newborn as alcohol and opioids do.
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