What are possible complications of prematurity in babies? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.).
Cerebral palsy
Color blindness
Learning disabilities
Retinopathy
Apnea
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
Choice A reason:
Cerebral palsy is a disorder that affects movement, posture, and muscle tone. It can be caused by brain damage that occurs before, during, or after birth. Premature babies are at a higher risk of developing cerebral palsy because they are more likely to have bleeding in the brain, lack of oxygen to the brain, infections or other complications that can damage the brain.
Choice B reason:
Color blindness is a condition that affects the ability to see colors or differences in colors. It is usually inherited and not related to prematurity. However, some premature babies may develop retinopathy of prematurity, which can affect their vision in other ways.
Choice C reason:
Learning disabilities are problems that affect the ability to learn, read, write, speak or do math. They can be caused by genetic factors, environmental factors or brain injuries.
Premature babies are more likely to have learning disabilities because they are more likely to have brain damage, low birth weight, infections or other complications that can affect their brain development.
Choice D reason:
Retinopathy is a disease that affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye. Retinopathy of prematurity is a condition that occurs when the blood vessels in the retina grow abnormally in premature babies. This can cause bleeding, scarring or detachment of the retina, which can lead to vision loss or blindness.
Choice E reason:
Apnea is a condition that causes pauses in breathing during sleep. Apnea of prematurity is a condition that affects premature babies who have not fully developed their nervous system and respiratory system. This can cause them to stop breathing for more than 20 seconds at a time, which can lower their oxygen levels and heart rate.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
This statement is incorrect because special lights are used to treat jaundice, not PKU. Jaundice is a condition that causes yellowing of the skin and eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a waste product that is normally removed by the liver. Special lights help break down bilirubin so that it can be excreted from the body.
Choice B reason:
This statement is correct because PKU is a genetic disorder that can be corrected by diet. PKU is caused by a lack of an enzyme that breaks down phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein-rich foods. Phenylalanine can build up in the blood and cause brain damage and other health problems if not treated. A diet that is low in phenylalanine and high in a special formula can prevent these complications.
Choice C reason:
This statement is correct because sometimes the test is repeated in the doctor's office at the 2-week check-up. The PKU test is done one to three days after birth, but it may not be accurate if the baby has not had enough protein in their diet before the test. A repeat test may be needed to confirm or rule out PKU.
Choice D reason:
This statement is incorrect because the baby must take formula or breast milk after the test is done, not before. The test measures the level of phenylalanine in the blood, which will be higher if the baby has eaten protein-rich foods. The test should be done after the baby has fasted for at least two hours.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Sleepiness is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Sleepiness may be caused by other factors such as hypoglycemia, hypothermia, or infection.
Choice B reason:
Constipation is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Constipation may be caused by dehydration, formula intolerance, or lack of bowel stimulation.
Choice C reason:
Irritability is a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Irritability may manifest as excessive crying, jitteriness, tremors, or increased muscle tone. Irritability is caused by the overstimulation of the central nervous system due to the absence of the drug that the newborn was exposed to in utero.
Choice D reason:
Absent or startle reflex is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Absent or startle reflex may indicate neurological damage, hypoxia, or brachial plexus injury. The startle reflex, also known as the Moro reflex, is a normal response to sudden stimuli in newborns.
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