Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidney. What will a deficiency of erythropoietin in a patient in chronic renal failure result in?
Hypertension as a result of the increased, concentrated blood volume.
Elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis.
Anemia as a result of the diminished number of red blood cells being produced.
Diminished immunologic function with fewer white blood cells.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypertension as a result of the increased, concentrated blood volume: Hypertension in chronic kidney disease is due to fluid overload and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, not erythropoietin deficiency.
B. Elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis: Dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease is unrelated to erythropoietin deficiency.
C. Anemia as a result of the diminished number of red blood cells being produced: Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production; its deficiency in chronic renal failure leads to anemia.
D. Diminished immunologic function with fewer white blood cells: White blood cell production is not directly affected by erythropoietin deficiency.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Metronidazole (Flagyl): Metronidazole is used for anaerobic infections and protozoal infections but is not a first-line treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs).
B. Meperidine (Demerol): This is an analgesic, not an antimicrobial agent; it addresses pain but not the infection.
C. Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine): This is used to manage urinary retention, not infection.
D. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro): Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is commonly prescribed for UTIs, especially when blood results indicate infection (elevated WBC count).
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Irritability and hyperactivity: Glomerulonephritis does not directly cause these symptoms; neurological changes are more associated with uremia in advanced kidney disease.
B. Low blood volume with polyuria: Glomerulonephritis often leads to fluid retention rather than polyuria, resulting in increased blood pressure.
C. Low levels of BUN and creatinine: BUN and creatinine levels are typically elevated due to impaired filtration.
D. Moderate to high blood pressure: The inflammatory process in glomerulonephritis often leads to fluid retention and hypertension.
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