Which organism causes most UTIs?

Proteus mirabilis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Klebsiella pneumoniae

E. coli

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Proteus mirabilis: While Proteus species can cause UTIs, they are less common than E. coli and are often associated with catheter-related infections.

B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Pseudomonas causes UTIs primarily in hospitalized patients or those with indwelling catheters.

C. Klebsiella pneumoniae: Klebsiella species are less common than E. coli as causes of community-acquired UTIs.

D. E. coli: E. coli is the most common cause of community-acquired UTIs, accounting for approximately 80–90% of cases, due to its presence in the gastrointestinal tract and close proximity to the urethra.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Bleeding from the kidney: Dark red urine often indicates bleeding from the upper urinary tract, including the kidneys, due to trauma, infection, or stones.

B. Dehydration: Dehydration typically causes concentrated urine with a darker yellow color, not red.

C. Bleeding from the lower urinary tract: Bleeding from the lower urinary tract usually results in bright red urine, not dark red urine.

D. Excessive red meat in the patient's diet: While dietary factors can influence urine color (e.g., beets), red meat does not cause dark red urine.

A. Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure. B. Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics. C. Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight. D. Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure: The primary goal in managing pyelonephritis is to prevent complications such as renal damage or progression to renal failure.

B. Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics: Pain relief is important but secondary to preventing renal damage.

C. Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight: Nutrition is important but not the primary goal in acute pyelonephritis.

D. Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms: Hydration is crucial but supports the primary goal of preserving kidney function.

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Which organism causes most UTIs?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When collecting a urine specimen, the nurse notices dark red urine. What condition may this indicate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a hospital patient who has been admitted with pyelonephritis. He is acutely ill with a high fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. He also has severe pain in the flank area. What is the primary goal of treatment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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