A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine. What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?
Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient)
Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination
Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter
Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient): Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition typically diagnosed after other causes, like infection, are ruled out.
B. Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination: Symptoms such as urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, and cloudy urine strongly suggest a urinary tract infection (UTI), specifically bacterial cystitis.
C. Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter: While urinary calculi may cause similar symptoms, dark cloudy urine is more indicative of infection than stones.
D. Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis typically presents with systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and flank pain, which are not described here.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Proteus mirabilis: While Proteus species can cause UTIs, they are less common than E. coli and are often associated with catheter-related infections.
B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Pseudomonas causes UTIs primarily in hospitalized patients or those with indwelling catheters.
C. Klebsiella pneumoniae: Klebsiella species are less common than E. coli as causes of community-acquired UTIs.
D. E. coli: E. coli is the most common cause of community-acquired UTIs, accounting for approximately 80–90% of cases, due to its presence in the gastrointestinal tract and close proximity to the urethra.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bleeding from the kidney: Dark red urine often indicates bleeding from the upper urinary tract, including the kidneys, due to trauma, infection, or stones.
B. Dehydration: Dehydration typically causes concentrated urine with a darker yellow color, not red.
C. Bleeding from the lower urinary tract: Bleeding from the lower urinary tract usually results in bright red urine, not dark red urine.
D. Excessive red meat in the patient's diet: While dietary factors can influence urine color (e.g., beets), red meat does not cause dark red urine.
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