Elevated anti-diuretic (ADH) levels and hyponatremia is seen with which of the following disorders?
Diabetes Insipidus
Acromegaly
Addisons disease
Syndrome of inappropriate Antiduretic Hormone
The Correct Answer is D
A. Diabetes Insipidus is associated with reduced ADH levels, leading to excessive urination and dehydration, not hyponatremia.
B. Acromegaly results from excessive growth hormone (not ADH) secretion, causing abnormal growth of tissues and bones.
C. Addison's disease involves the adrenal glands and the insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone, not ADH-related hyponatremia.
D. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH).
SIADH is a disorder characterized by the excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland, leading to increased water reabsorption by the kidneys. This results in diluted blood and hyponatremia (low sodium levels) due to the retention of water. Patients with SIADH often experience fluid overload and related symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Administration of a systemic oral antibiotic and a topical antibiotic may be used, but this option does not address the removal of crusts, which is essential for preventing complications.
B. Administration of a systemic and a topical antifungal is not appropriate for impetigo, as impetigo is caused by bacteria, not fungi.
C. Using an oil-based soap for bathing is not recommended, as it may not effectively remove crusts and pustules associated with impetigo, and it does not have antimicrobial properties necessary for treatment.
D. Removal of crusts with an antimicrobial liquid.
Impetigo is a contagious bacterial skin infection, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. It often presents with crusts and pustules on the skin. To prevent complications, it's important to keep the affected areas clean and free from crusts. Gently removing crusts with an antimicrobial liquid and clean cloth helps prevent the spread of infection, allows topical antibiotics to work effectively, and reduces the risk of complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.Altered level of consciousness and thready pulse.
In a child after heart surgery to correct Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), a thready pulse and altered level of consciousness can be indicative of poor cardiac output. This may suggest that the heart is not effectively pumping blood to meet the body's needs.
B. Bounding pulses and mottled skin: Bounding pulses and mottled skin are not typical signs of decreased cardiac output. Bounding pulses are often associated with increased cardiac output.
C. Capillary refill of 2 seconds and blood pressure of 96/47 mmHg: A capillary refill of 2 seconds is within the normal range, and a blood pressure of 96/47 mmHg is reasonable for a child. These findings do not necessarily indicate poor cardiac output.
D. Extremities warm to the touch and pale skin: Warm extremities and pale skin are not typical signs of decreased cardiac output. Cold extremities and cyanosis may be more concerning signs.
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