A 1-year-old is being screened for retinoblastoma based on family history of the disease. The nurse recognizes which sign as being most characteristic of the disease?
White glow of the pupil.
Ptosis of the eye
Fixed and dilated pupil
Purulent eye discharge
The Correct Answer is A
A white glow of the pupil, often referred to as "cat's eye reflex" or "leukocoria," is a significant and characteristic sign of retinoblastoma. It occurs when the tumor within the eye reflects light, resulting in a white or yellowish glow in the pupil when light is shined into it. This can be seen in flash photographs or in certain lighting conditions. It's a crucial sign that may indicate the presence of retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer that primarily affects young children.
The other options, B (ptosis of the eye), C (fixed and dilated pupil), and D (purulent eye discharge), are not typically associated with retinoblastoma. Ptosis is the drooping of the upper eyelid, a fixed and dilated pupil is usually a sign of neurological issues, and purulent eye discharge is often associated with eye infections rather than retinoblastoma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Thrombocytopenia: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, and it is not a typical feature of iron-deficiency anemia.
B. Increased Total Iron-binding Capacity: In iron-deficiency anemia, the Total Iron-binding Capacity (TIBC) is typically increased as the body attempts to compensate for the low iron levels by increasing its capacity to bind and transport iron.
C. Decreased Folate Levels: While iron-deficiency anemia and folate-deficiency anemia are both forms of anemia, decreased folate levels are more characteristic of folate-deficiency anemia, which is a separate condition.
D. Microcytic Red Blood Cells.
Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by a decrease in the body's iron stores, which in turn affects the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. This results in the formation of microcytic (smaller than normal) red blood cells. These smaller red blood cells are a typical finding in iron-deficiency anemia.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Monitoring level of consciousness (LOC): Monitoring the child's level of consciousness is essential as changes in LOC can be an important indicator of the progression of meningitis.
B. Administration of IV antibiotics: Antibiotics are a critical component of the treatment for bacterial meningitis. Early administration of appropriate antibiotics is crucial to control the infection.
C. Decreasing environmental stimuli: Reducing environmental stimuli, such as noise and light, can help minimize discomfort and agitation in a child with meningitis.
D. Increasing IV fluids above maintenance is not typically part of the standard management of bacterial meningitis. Maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance is important, but increasing fluids significantly above maintenance may not be necessary and should be determined based on the child's clinical condition.
E. Instituting droplet precautions: Bacterial meningitis is contagious, and it is important to isolate the child and implement appropriate infection control measures, including droplet precautions, to prevent the spread of the infection to others.
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