A 1-year-old is being screened for retinoblastoma based on family history of the disease. The nurse recognizes which sign as being most characteristic of the disease?
White glow of the pupil.
Ptosis of the eye
Fixed and dilated pupil
Purulent eye discharge
The Correct Answer is A
A white glow of the pupil, often referred to as "cat's eye reflex" or "leukocoria," is a significant and characteristic sign of retinoblastoma. It occurs when the tumor within the eye reflects light, resulting in a white or yellowish glow in the pupil when light is shined into it. This can be seen in flash photographs or in certain lighting conditions. It's a crucial sign that may indicate the presence of retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer that primarily affects young children.
The other options, B (ptosis of the eye), C (fixed and dilated pupil), and D (purulent eye discharge), are not typically associated with retinoblastoma. Ptosis is the drooping of the upper eyelid, a fixed and dilated pupil is usually a sign of neurological issues, and purulent eye discharge is often associated with eye infections rather than retinoblastoma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Rigid abdomen: A rigid abdomen is not a common finding in HPS. However, it is more typical in conditions such as intestinal obstruction.
B. Distended neck veins: Distended neck veins are not a typical manifestation of HPS. They may be associated with other cardiovascular or respiratory issues.
C. Red currant jelly stools: Red currant jelly-like stools are not typically seen in HPS. This description is often used to describe the appearance of stools in intussusception, which is a different gastrointestinal condition.
D. Projectile vomiting.
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a condition in infants where the muscle at the outlet of the stomach (pylorus) becomes thickened and obstructs the passage of food from the stomach into the small intestine. Projectile vomiting is a characteristic symptom of HPS. The vomit is forceful and seems to shoot out of the infant's mouth, typically occurring after feeding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Alertness as such weight loss is not expected: This response may unnecessarily alarm the mother when, in fact, some weight loss in the early days is normal.
B. Reassurance as this is a normal weight loss.
It is normal for newborns to lose some weight during the first few days of life. The loss is often related to fluid loss, changes in feeding patterns, and initial adjustment to life outside the womb. A loss of one-half pound in a 2-day-old neonate is generally considered within the normal range. It's important for the nurse to reassure the new mother that this weight loss is expected and not a cause for alarm. Newborns typically start to regain their birth weight within a week or two. This reassurance can help ease the mother's distress and anxiety.
C. Alarm as this is a drastic weight loss: Characterizing this weight loss as "drastic" is not accurate or helpful and would likely increase the mother's anxiety.
D. Concern as this may be an indicator of inadequate nutrition: Jumping to the conclusion of inadequate nutrition without further assessment and evidence is premature and may unnecessarily worry the mother. It's important to start with reassurance and then investigate if there are concerns about nutrition.
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