The nurse devices a teaching plan for the patient with aplastic anemia. Which of the following is the most important concept to teach for health maintenance?
Get 8 hours of sleep at night and take naps during the day
Practice yoga and meditation to decrease stress and anxiety
Eat animal protein and dark leafy vegetables each day
Avoid exposure to others with acute infection
The Correct Answer is D
A. Get 8 hours of sleep at night and take naps during the day:
While adequate sleep is generally important for overall health, it may not be the most critical factor for a patient with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia primarily affects blood cell production, and managing infection risk and blood counts are more crucial in this context.
B. Practice yoga and meditation to decrease stress and anxiety:
Stress reduction techniques, such as yoga and meditation, can be beneficial for anyone's overall well-being, but it's not the top priority for someone with aplastic anemia. Managing stress is essential, but again, reducing the risk of infections and maintaining adequate blood counts are more critical.
C. Eat animal protein and dark leafy vegetables each day:
Proper nutrition is essential for patients with aplastic anemia, as it can help support the production of red blood cells and maintain overall health. However, while a balanced diet is important, avoiding infections and minimizing exposure to contagions is more pressing.
D. Avoid exposure to others with acute infection:
This is the most crucial concept for patients with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia leads to a weakened immune system, making the patient highly susceptible to infections. Exposure to individuals with acute infections can be life-threatening for these patients. Preventing infections and maintaining adequate blood counts are paramount in the care of individuals with aplastic anemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A fontanelle that bulges with crying.
Myelomeningocele is a congenital neural tube defect that involves the spinal cord. It is associated with an increased risk of hydrocephalus, which can lead to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The fontanelle (soft spot) on an infant's head can provide insight into ICP. When an infant with myelomeningocele has an increase in intracranial pressure, the fontanelle may bulge, especially when the infant cries. This is due to the buildup of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull.
B. Increased respiratory rate: While increased intracranial pressure can affect various body systems, an increased respiratory rate is not a specific sign of ICP associated with myelomeningocele.
C. A high-pitched cry: A high-pitched cry is not typically associated with increased intracranial pressure in the context of myelomeningocele. Signs of ICP in infants may include irritability, lethargy, vomiting, and changes in head circumference.
D. Tachycardia: Tachycardia can be a response to stress or discomfort in an infant, but it is not a specific indicator of increased intracranial pressure related to myelomeningocele.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Options A (increased ability of tissue to retain fluid) and B (reduced blood pressure) are not typical signs of improvement in Nephrotic Syndrome. The primary focus is on reducing protein loss and alleviating edema.
Option C. Increased diuresis and decreased protein loss in urine.
Nephrotic Syndrome is characterized by increased urinary protein loss, resulting in hypoalbuminemia, edema, and other symptoms. Improvement in Nephrotic Syndrome is typically indicated by:
Increased diuresis: An increase in urine output suggests that the child is excreting excess fluid, which can help reduce edema (swelling).
Decreased protein loss in urine: A reduction in proteinuria (loss of protein in the urine) is a positive sign, as it indicates that the damaged kidney glomeruli are functioning more effectively in retaining protein.
Option D (decreased protein levels in serum) is also not a clear sign of improvement. While it may be related to reduced protein loss in urine, it does not directly reflect the overall improvement of the condition. Monitoring protein levels in the urine (proteinuria) is a more specific indicator of Nephrotic Syndrome management.
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