During a sickle cell crisis, which of the following symptoms is most commonly experienced by individuals with sickle cell disease?
Severe pain in the abdomen and joints
Fever and chills
Cough and shortness of breath
Numbness and tingling in the extremities
The Correct Answer is A
A. Severe pain in the abdomen and joints. Severe pain is the hallmark symptom of a sickle cell crisis, often occurring in the abdomen, joints, and bones due to vaso-occlusive events.
B. Fever and chills. While fever can be a sign of infection in individuals with sickle cell disease, it is not the most common symptom during a sickle cell crisis.
C. Cough and shortness of breath. These symptoms are more indicative of respiratory infections or complications like acute chest syndrome but are not the primary symptoms of a sickle cell crisis.
D. Numbness and tingling in the extremities. These symptoms are not typically associated with a sickle cell crisis.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This response accurately describes the pathophysiology of sickle cell crisis. During a crisis, sickled red blood cells clump together, leading to microvascular occlusion and impaired blood flow to tissues, resulting in pain.
B. Bleeding in the joints is not a characteristic feature of sickle cell crisis. It may occur in other conditions such as hemophilia or osteoarthritis but not in sickle cell crisis.
C. Disturbance in cellular metabolism is not the primary mechanism underlying the pain experienced during sickle cell crisis.
D. Bone marrow expansion with sickled cells may contribute to bone pain in sickle cell disease, but it is not the primary cause of pain during a sickle cell crisis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Skin color: While changes in skin color can occur in hemochromatosis due to excess iron deposition, it is not the most important parameter to monitor for the effectiveness of deferoxamine.
B. Liver function: Liver function tests can be abnormal in hemochromatosis due to iron overload, but monitoring liver function alone may not adequately assess the effectiveness of deferoxamine in reducing iron levels.
C. Hematocrit: Hematocrit measures the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells and may be elevated in hemochromatosis, but it is not the primary parameter to monitor the effectiveness of deferoxamine.
D. Serum iron level: Serum iron level is the most direct indicator of iron overload and the effectiveness of deferoxamine in chelating and removing excess iron from the body.
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