Assessment of a pregnant woman reveals a pigmented line down the middle of her abdomen. The nurse documents this as which finding?
striae gravidarum
linea nigra
vascular spiders
melasma
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A: Striae gravidarum are stretch marks that appear on the abdomen, breasts, or thighs during pregnancy. They are caused by the tearing of the connective tissue in the dermis due to rapid growth or weight gain.
Choice B: Linea nigra is a dark vertical line that runs from the umbilicus to the pubic area. It is caused by increased melanin production due to hormonal changes during pregnancy. This is the correct choice because it matches the description in the question.
Choice C: Vascular spiders are dilated blood vessels that appear on the skin as red or purple spider-like lesions. They are caused by increased estrogen levels and blood volume during pregnancy. They are usually found on the face, neck, chest, or arms.
Choice D: Melasma is a condition that causes brown or gray patches on the face, especially on the forehead, cheeks, nose, or upper lip. It is caused by increased melanin production due to sun exposure and hormonal changes during pregnancy. It is also known as chloasma or the mask of pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because wearing spandex-type full-length pants can constrict the blood flow and increase the swelling in the feet. The nurse should advise the woman to wear loose-fitting clothes and comfortable shoes that do not squeeze or rub her feet.
Choice B Reason: This is correct because elevating the legs when sitting can improve venous return and reduce the swelling in the feet. The nurse should encourage the woman to elevate her legs above her heart level whenever possible and avoid crossing her legs or standing for long periods.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because limiting the intake of fluids can cause dehydration and worsen the swelling in the feet. The nurse should recommend the woman drink plenty of water and other healthy fluids to maintain hydration and flush out excess sodium and waste products from her body.
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because eliminating salt from the diet can cause electrolyte imbalance and affect the fluid balance in the body. The nurse should advise the woman to consume salt in moderation and avoid processed foods that are high in sodium.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects the shape and function of the red blood cells. It is not related to the AFP level, which is a protein produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac.
Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because cardiac defects are abnormalities in the structure or function of the heart. They are not related to the AFP level, which is a marker of neural tube defects and abdominal wall defects.
Choice C Reason: This is correct because Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results from an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is associated with a decreased AFP level, as well as increased levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and unconjugated estriol (uE3).
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because respiratory disorders are problems that affect the lungs and breathing. They are not related to the AFP level, which reflects the fetal development and integrity.
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