While talking with a pregnant woman who has undergone genetic testing, the woman informs the nurse that her baby will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of:
Trisomy numeric abnormality
Multifactorial inheritance
X-linked recessive inheritance
Chromosomal deletion
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason: Trisomy numeric abnormality. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs when a person has three copies of chromosome 21 instead of two. This extra chromosome causes various physical and mental features that vary from person to person. Down syndrome is also called trisomy 21 because it involves three copies of chromosome 21.
Choice B Reason: Multifactorial inheritance is incorrect because it refers to a type of genetic disorder that results from the interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors. Examples of multifactorial disorders include cleft lip or palate, neural tube defects, diabetes, hypertension, and some types of cancer.
Choice C Reason: X-linked recessive inheritance is incorrect because it refers to a type of genetic disorder that affects males more than females because it is caused by a mutation on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes, so they can be carriers or affected depending on whether they inherit one or two copies of the mutated gene. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, so they are always affected if they inherit the mutated gene from their mother. Examples of X-linked recessive disorders include hemophilia, color blindness, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Choice D Reason: Chromosomal deletion is incorrect because it refers to a type of genetic disorder that occurs when a part of a chromosome is missing or deleted. This can cause various physical and mental problems depending on the size and location of the deletion. Examples of chromosomal deletion
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because maternal diabetes is a condition where the mother has high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It can cause polyhydramnios, or excess amniotic fluid, not oligohydramnios, or low amniotic fluid.
Choice B Reason: This is correct because fetal anencephaly is a congenital defect where the fetus lacks parts of the brain and skull. It can cause oligohydramnios, as the fetus does not produce enough urine to contribute to the amniotic fluid volume.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because placental abruption is a complication where the placenta detaches from the uterine wall before delivery. It can cause bleeding, pain, and fetal distress, but not oligohydramnios.
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because neural tube defects are congenital defects where the spinal cord or brain does not develop properly. They can cause various neurological problems, but not oligohydramnios.
Correct Answer is ["2"]
Explanation
To calculate how many capsules to administer per dose, the nurse should divide the ordered dose by the available dose and round to the nearest whole number.
The ordered dose is 50 mg.
The available dose is 25 mg per capsule.
Therefore, the number of capsules to administer per dose is 50 mg / 25 mg = 2 capsules.
The answer should be rounded to the nearest whole number and use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.
Therefore, the final answer is 2 capsules.
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