A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to a client at her first prenatal visit. Which of the following statements by the nurse should be included in the teaching?
Vitamin E requirements decrease during pregnancy due to the increase in body fat.
Prenatal vitamins will meet your need for increased folic acid during pregnancy.
You will need to double your intake of protein during pregnancy.
You will need to increase your intake of calcium during pregnancy.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A: Vitamin E requirements do not decrease during pregnancy due to the increase in body fat. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as an antioxidant and protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin E during pregnancy is 15 mg/day, which is the same as for non-pregnant women.
Choice B: Prenatal vitamins will meet your need for increased folic acid during pregnancy. Folic acid is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for DNA synthesis and cell division. Folic acid deficiency can cause neural tube defects in the fetus, such as spina bifida and anencephaly. The RDA for folic acid during pregnancy is 600 mcg/day, which can be obtained from prenatal vitamins and fortified foods.
Choice C: You will not need to double your intake of protein during pregnancy. Protein is a macronutrient that provides amino acids for tissue growth and repair. The RDA for protein during pregnancy is 1.1 g/kg/day, which is only slightly higher than for non-pregnant women (0.8 g/kg/day).
Choice D: You will not need to increase your intake of calcium during pregnancy. Calcium is a mineral that is important for bone health and muscle contraction. Calcium absorption and retention are enhanced during pregnancy, so there is no need to increase the intake above the RDA of 1000 mg/day for women aged 19 to 50 years.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because mosquitoes do not transmit HIV. HIV is a virus that infects human cells and cannot survive in insects. Mosquitoes do not inject blood from one person to another when they bite, but only saliva that contains anticoagulants and enzymes.
Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because accidental puncture wounds are not a common mode of HIV transmission. HIV can be transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, such as through needle sharing, blood transfusion, or occupational injury. However, these cases are rare and can be prevented by using sterile equipment, screening blood products, and following universal precautions.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because casual contact is not a mode of HIV transmission. HIV is not an airborne virus and cannot be spread by coughing, sneezing, or breathing. HIV cannot be transmitted by hugging, kissing, or sharing utensils.
Choice D Reason: This is correct because direct contact with infected body fluids is the most common mode of HIV transmission. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person, as these activities can involve contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal fluid, or pre-ejaculate. HIV can also be transmitted through sharing needles or syringes with an infected person, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Linea nigra is a dark vertical line that appears on the abdomen of some pregnant women. It is caused by increased melanin production and usually fades after delivery.
Choice B Reason: Pica is a condition in which a person has an abnormal desire to eat substances that are not food, such as ice, clay, dirt, or chalk. It is more common in pregnant women and may indicate a deficiency in iron or other nutrients.
Choice C Reason: Ballottement is a technique of palpating a floating structure by bouncing it gently and feeling it rebound. In obstetrics, it can be used to detect the presence of the fetus by feeling its head move when the cervix is tapped.
Choice D Reason: Quickening is the first perception of fetal movements by the pregnant woman. It usually occurs between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation.
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