A pregnant woman is admitted with premature rupture of the membranes. The nurse is assessing the woman closely for possible infection. Which findings would lead the nurse to suspect that the woman is developing an infection? Select all that apply.

Cloudy malodorous fluid

Abdominal tenderness

Fetal bradycardia

Elevated maternal pulse rate

Decreased C-reactive protein levels

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

Choice A Reason: This is correct because cloudy malodorous fluid indicates that the amniotic fluid is contaminated with bacteria or other microorganisms that can cause infection in the woman or the fetus. Normally, amniotic fluid is clear and odorless.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because abdominal tenderness suggests that the woman has inflammation or irritation of the uterus or other pelvic organs due to infection. Abdominal tenderness can also be accompanied by cramping, pain, or fever.

Choice C Reason: This is correct because fetal bradycardia, which is a slow fetal heart rate below 110 beats per minute, indicates that the fetus is experiencing distress or hypoxia due to infection. Fetal bradycardia can be detected by electronic fetal monitoring or Doppler device.

Choice D Reason: This is correct because elevated maternal pulse rate, which is a heart rate above 100 beats per minute, indicates that the woman has an increased metabolic demand or systemic inflammation due to infection. Elevated maternal pulse rate can also be caused by dehydration, anxiety, or pain.

Choice E Reason: This is incorrect because decreased C-reactive protein levels do not indicate infection. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein that is produced by the liver in response to inflammation or infection. Increased CRP levels can be a sign of infection, but decreased CRP levels can be normal or indicate other conditions such as liver disease or malnutrition.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because cervical insufficiency is a condition where the cervix dilates prematurely and painlessly during pregnancy, leading to preterm delivery or second trimester abortion. It is not a common cause of first trimester abortion, which occurs before 12 weeks of gestation.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because uterine fibroids are benign tumors that grow in or on the uterus. They may cause heavy bleeding, pain, or infertility, but they are not a common cause of first trimester abortion. They may increase the risk of miscarriage in later stages of pregnancy.

Choice C Reason: This is correct because fetal genetic abnormalities are the most common cause of first trimester abortion, accounting for up to 70% of cases. Fetal genetic abnormalities are errors in the number or structure of chromosomes that occur during fertilization or cell division. They can cause developmental defects or fetal demise that result in spontaneous abortion.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because maternal disease is not a common cause of first trimester abortion. Maternal disease refers to any medical condition that affects the mother's health or pregnancy outcome, such as diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disorders, or infections. Maternal disease may increase the risk of miscarriage in later stages of pregnancy or cause other complications such as preterm labor or preeclampsia.

A. Maternal diabetes B. Fetal anencephaly C. Placental abruption D. Neural tube defects

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because maternal diabetes is a condition where the mother has high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It can cause polyhydramnios, or excess amniotic fluid, not oligohydramnios, or low amniotic fluid.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because fetal anencephaly is a congenital defect where the fetus lacks parts of the brain and skull. It can cause oligohydramnios, as the fetus does not produce enough urine to contribute to the amniotic fluid volume.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because placental abruption is a complication where the placenta detaches from the uterine wall before delivery. It can cause bleeding, pain, and fetal distress, but not oligohydramnios.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because neural tube defects are congenital defects where the spinal cord or brain does not develop properly. They can cause various neurological problems, but not oligohydramnios.

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A pregnant woman is admitted with premature rupture of the membranes. The nurse is assessing the woman closely for possible infection. Which findings would lead the nurse to suspect that the woman is developing an infection? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is conducting an in-service program for a group of nurses working at the women's health facility about the causes of spontaneous abortion. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which condition as the most common cause of first trimester abortions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Assessment of a pregnant woman reveals oligohydramnios. The nurse would be alert for the development of which condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When assessing a woman in her first trimester, which emotional response would the nurse most likely expect to find?

Which information on a client's health history would the nurse identify as contributing to the client's risk for an ectopic pregnancy?

A client is suspected of having a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Which assessment would the nurse identify as the priority?

Upon entering the room of a client who has had a spontaneous abortion, the nurse observes the client crying. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

A nurse suspects that a pregnant client may be experiencing placenta abruption based on assessment of which finding? Select all that apply.

During a vaginal exam, the nurse notes that the lower uterine segment is softened. The nurse documents this finding as: